关于pythonanywhere的Django教程:运行django-admin shell时遇到麻烦

Question

(Django版本1.9,Python版本3.4.3,使用虚拟环境制作 mkvirtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3.4 django19)

我一直非常密切地关注Django教程,直到第5部分没有任何问题:

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/intro/tutorial05/

虽然严格来说,问题与第5部分无关,但请耐心等待.我正在遵循pythonanywhere框架中的教程,因为最终我想在那里托管一个网站.因此,我也在关注pythonanywhere提供的"关注Django教程":

https://help.pythonanywhere.com/pages/FollowingTheDjangoTutorial

虽然在教程的第5部分的建议中没有预料到我的问题.现在问题 - 在Django教程中的重点是:

要检查错误是否确实存在,请使用Admin创建一个日期位于将来的问题,并使用shell检查方法

在链接到shell之后,我尝试(按照链接中的指示)运行:

django-admin shell --plain

但是,我收到以下错误消息

(django19)19:11 ~/mysite $ django-admin shell --plain
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 391, in execute saved_locale = translation.get_language()
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 176, in get_language
return _trans.get_language()
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 57, in __getattr__
if settings.USE_I18N:
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 55, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 41, in _setup
 % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting USE_I18N, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 360, in run_from_argv
connections.close_all()
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 230, in close_all
for alias in self:
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 224, in __iter__
return iter(self.databases)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 33, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 157, in databases
self._databases = settings.DATABASES
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 55, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/home/me/.virtualenvs/django19/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 41, in _setup
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DATABASES, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

此错误消息建议通过定义变量进行设置DATABASES(设置为mysite/settings.py)DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE.那就是我做的:

export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE="${PWD}/mysite/settings.py"

也有所需__init__.py的文件mysite和mysite/mysite目录.但是现在当我运行django-admin命令时,我得到:

ImportError: No module named 'mysite/settings'

我以后找不到任何文档或帮助.我错过了什么？我需要在其他地方设置一些特别的东西吗？我设置DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE正确吗？将ImportError使得它听起来像我应该设置DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE到mysite.settings或类似的东西,但是这也不管用.

Answer 1

创建项目后,使用manage.py而不是django-admin运行命令:

python manage.py shell

该manage.py命令负责处理您的设置.如果使用django-admin,则必须DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE手动设置.本DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE应该是Python模块,例如mysite.settings,不喜欢一个文件/path/to/mysite/settings.py.