如何比较字典,看看有什么变化？

Question

我的python代码中有3个字典:

1. self.new_port_dict = {} #carian来存储curr_host的新端口
2. self.old_port_dict = {} #class to存储old_host中的旧端口
3. self.results_ports_dict = {} #保存已更改/新添加端口的结果

该脚本需要比较哪个端口发生了变化,我几乎无法提供帮助我:

      def comp_ports(self,filename):
          try:
                f = open(filename)
                self.prev_report = pickle.load(f) # NmapReport

                for s in self.prev_report.hosts:
                    self.old_port_dict[s.address] = set()
                    for x in s.get_open_ports():
                        self.old_port_dict[s.address].add(x)

                for s in self.report.hosts:
                    self.new_port_dict[s.address] = set()
                    for x in s.get_open_ports():
                       self.new_port_dict[s.address].add(x)

                print "The following Host/ports were available in old scan : !!"
                print `self.old_port_dict`
                print "--------------------------------------------------------"
                print "The following Host/ports have been added in new scan:  !!"
                print `self.new_port_dict`
                for h in self.old_port_dict.keys():
                 self.results_ports_dict[h] = self.new_port_dict[h]- self.old_port_dict[h]
                 print "Result Change: for",h ,"->",self.results_ports_dict[h]         

 except Exception as l:
             print l

这给出了一个输出:

The following Host/ports were available in old scan : !!
{'172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (666, 'tcp')]), '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])}
--------------------------------------------------------
The following Host/ports have been added in new scan:  !!
{'172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')]), '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])}

Result Change: for 172.16.0.41 -> set([(22, 'tcp')])  From set([(80, 'tcp'), (666, 'tcp')])

Result Change: for 172.16.0.163 -> set([])  From set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])

正如你可以清楚地看到的那样,我也得到了改变后的字典.我想打印:

    For "host_name" , Port changed from "port_id" to "new_port_id" 

ex: For 172.16.0.41, Port changed from (666, 'tcp')  to  (22, 'tcp')

Answer 1

我相信您不是在比较字典，而是实际上在比较与键对应的值。

这里的基本想法是：

• 主机不得始终出现在过去和当前的扫描中，并建议使用collections.defaultdict, 以确保即使在没有主机的情况下也可以直接比较值。因为缺少的键的值将自动生成（空set）

• set对端口进行 3 项操作

  • &（交叉点）：查看哪些端口在扫描中保持不变（相同端口）

  • old - new：查看哪些端口在旧扫描中但不再在新扫描中（已删除的端口）

  • new - old：查看哪些端口在新扫描中但不在旧扫描中（添加的端口）

有多种方法可以移动代码进行优化，但我想重点是更加清晰。

希望能帮助到你

import collections

scan0 = collections.defaultdict(set, {
    '172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (666, 'tcp')]),
    '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])
})

scan1 = collections.defaultdict(set, {
    '172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')]),
    '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])
})

hosts = sorted(set(scan0.keys() + scan1.keys()))


scan_same = dict()
scan_new = dict()
scan_del = dict()

for host in hosts:
    scan_same[host] = scan0[host] & scan1[host]
    scan_new[host] = scan1[host] - scan0[host]
    scan_del[host] = scan0[host] - scan1[host]

print()
print('-' * 10, 'Same')
for host, ports in scan_same.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])
print()
print('*' * 10, 'Added')
for host, ports in scan_new.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])

print()
print('=' * 10, 'Deleted')
for host, ports in scan_del.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])

这将输出：

import collections

scan0 = collections.defaultdict(set, {
    '172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (666, 'tcp')]),
    '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])
})

scan1 = collections.defaultdict(set, {
    '172.16.0.41': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')]),
    '172.16.0.163': set([(80, 'tcp'), (22, 'tcp')])
})

hosts = sorted(set(scan0.keys() + scan1.keys()))


scan_same = dict()
scan_new = dict()
scan_del = dict()

for host in hosts:
    scan_same[host] = scan0[host] & scan1[host]
    scan_new[host] = scan1[host] - scan0[host]
    scan_del[host] = scan0[host] - scan1[host]

print()
print('-' * 10, 'Same')
for host, ports in scan_same.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])
print()
print('*' * 10, 'Added')
for host, ports in scan_new.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])

print()
print('=' * 10, 'Deleted')
for host, ports in scan_del.items():
    print(host, ':')
    for port in ports:
        print(':::', port[0], '/', port[1])