如何确定操作系统

Question

如何实现一个将返回操作系统名称的函数？检测程序运行的环境？

win2000/xp/vista/win7等......？

Answer 1

像这样的东西:

function osver: string;
begin
  result := 'Unknown (Windows ' + IntToStr(Win32MajorVersion) + '.' + IntToStr(Win32MinorVersion) + ')';
  case Win32MajorVersion of
    4:
      case Win32MinorVersion of
        0: result := 'Windows 95';
        10: result := 'Windows 98';
        90: result := 'Windows ME';
      end;
    5:
      case Win32MinorVersion of
        0: result := 'Windows 2000';
        1: result := 'Windows XP';
      end;
    6:
      case Win32MinorVersion of
        0: result := 'Windows Vista';
        1: result := 'Windows 7';
        2: result := 'Windows 8';
        3: result := 'Windows 8.1';
      end;
    10:
      case Win32MinorVersion of
        0: result := 'Windows 10';
      end;
  end;
end;

实在是没有必要要求GetVersionEx,因为SysUtils.pas有InitPlatformID它的initialization条款.因此,全局常量Win32MajorVersion和Win32MinorVersion(和朋友)将已经填充.

Answer 2

作为Win32 API的替代方法,您可以使用WMI Win32_OperatingSystem类.

你可以编写一个这样的简单函数来检索操作windows版本名称.

function  GetWin32_OSName:string;
var
  objWMIService : OLEVariant;
  colItems      : OLEVariant;
  colItem       : OLEVariant;
  oEnum         : IEnumvariant;
  iValue        : LongWord;

  function GetWMIObject(const objectName: String): IDispatch;
  var
    chEaten: Integer;
    BindCtx: IBindCtx;
    Moniker: IMoniker;
  begin
    OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
    OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(BindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName), chEaten, Moniker));
    OleCheck(Moniker.BindToObject(BindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
  end;

begin
  objWMIService := GetWMIObject('winmgmts:\\localhost\root\cimv2');
  colItems      := objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT Caption FROM Win32_OperatingSystem','WQL',0);
  oEnum         := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  if oEnum.Next(1, colItem, iValue) = 0 then
  Result:=colItem.Caption; //The caption property return an  string  wich includes the operating system version. For example, "Microsoft Windows XP Professional Version = 5.1.2500". 
end;

另外,您可以使用Win32_OperatingSystem类的其他属性检索有关Windows版本的更多信息.

检查此代码

program GetWMI_Win32_OperatingSystem;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  SysUtils
  ,ActiveX
  ,ComObj
  ,Variants;


Procedure  GetWin32_OperatingSystem;
var
  objWMIService : OLEVariant;
  colItems      : OLEVariant;
  colItem       : OLEVariant;
  oEnum         : IEnumvariant;
  iValue        : LongWord;

  function GetWMIObject(const objectName: String): IDispatch;
  var
    chEaten: Integer;
    BindCtx: IBindCtx;
    Moniker: IMoniker;
  begin
    OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
    OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(BindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName), chEaten, Moniker));
    OleCheck(Moniker.BindToObject(BindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
  end;

begin
  objWMIService := GetWMIObject('winmgmts:\\localhost\root\cimv2');
  colItems      := objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem','WQL',0);
  oEnum         := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  if oEnum.Next(1, colItem, iValue) = 0 then
  begin
    Writeln('Caption        '+colItem.Caption);
    Writeln('Version        '+colItem.Version);
    Writeln('BuildNumber    '+colItem.BuildNumber);
    Writeln('BuildType      '+colItem.BuildType);
    Writeln('CodeSet        '+colItem.CodeSet);
    Writeln('CountryCode    '+colItem.CountryCode);
    Writeln('BootDevice     '+colItem.BootDevice);
    Writeln;
  end;
end;


function  GetWin32_OSName:string;
var
  objWMIService : OLEVariant;
  colItems      : OLEVariant;
  colItem       : OLEVariant;
  oEnum         : IEnumvariant;
  iValue        : LongWord;

  function GetWMIObject(const objectName: String): IDispatch;
  var
    chEaten: Integer;
    BindCtx: IBindCtx;
    Moniker: IMoniker;
  begin
    OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
    OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(BindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName), chEaten, Moniker));
    OleCheck(Moniker.BindToObject(BindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
  end;

begin
  objWMIService := GetWMIObject('winmgmts:\\localhost\root\cimv2');
  colItems      := objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT Caption FROM Win32_OperatingSystem','WQL',0);
  oEnum         := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  if oEnum.Next(1, colItem, iValue) = 0 then
  Result:=colItem.Caption;
end;

begin
 try
    CoInitialize(nil);
    try
      GetWin32_OperatingSystem;
      //Writeln(GetWin32_OSName);
      Readln;
    finally
    CoUninitialize;
    end;
 except
    on E:Exception do
    Begin
        Writeln(E.Classname, ': ', E.Message);
        Readln;
    End;
  end;
end.