找不到符号:__PyCodecInfo_GetIncrementalDecoder

Question

自从Homebrew Python 2.7.11(从2.7.10)更新后,我突然无法在PyCharm IDE控制台上测试在PyPi上注册我的包.

运行(作为"外部工具")

python -B setup.py register -r pypitest

我现在明白了

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 22, in <module>
    from setuptools import setup
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from setuptools.extension import Extension
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py", line 8, in <module>
    from .dist import _get_unpatched
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 16, in <module>
    from setuptools.depends import Require
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py", line 6, in <module>
    from setuptools import compat
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/compat.py", line 17, in <module>
    import httplib
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 80, in <module>
    import mimetools
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/mimetools.py", line 6, in <module>
    import tempfile
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/tempfile.py", line 32, in <module>
    import io as _io
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/io.py", line 51, in <module>
    import _io
ImportError: dlopen(/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so, 2): Symbol not found: __PyCodecInfo_GetIncrementalDecoder
  Referenced from: /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so

Process finished with exit code 1

我不知道该怎么办.如果我在IDE的控制台中执行,我只会遇到此问题.如果我直接在系统命令行(OS X上的终端)执行此操作,我没有问题.

---

OS X 10.11.3; 自制Python 2.7.11; PyCharm 5.0.3

Answer 1

tl; dr:通过执行以下操作之一来解决此问题:

• 类型hash -r python,或
• 注销并登录.

编辑:我的相关问题的答案清楚地表明这里发生了什么.当您安装新版本的python时,您可能需要运行hash -r python以告知bash将"缓存"位置重置为python可执行文件.

在我的情况下,我正在打字python,这是在我$PATH的/usr/local/bin/python.但bash仍然使用旧的缓存位置/usr/bin/python.因此,旧的可执行文件被调用,但新的路径被提供给python in sys.argv[0].这意味着旧的可执行文件正在运行,但新sys.executable值导致所有错误的模块被加载(包括io模块).

我遇到了同样的问题.我通过Python.org的安装程序安装了python 2.7.11.奇怪的是,这个问题似乎与OSX python在使用完整路径从shell调用OSX时的启动方式之间的某些细微差别有关python.

所以,对我来说,这是有效的(通过完整路径调用python /usr/local/bin/python):

$ which python
/usr/local/bin/python
$ /usr/local/bin/python -c "import io"
$

......但这不是:

$ python -c "import io"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/io.py", line 51, in <module>
    import _io
ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so, 2): Symbol not found: __PyCodecInfo_GetIncrementalDecoder
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so

因此,作为一种解决方法,您可以尝试做同样的事情.

在其他地方,我已经发布了一个关于这种令人费解的行为的单独问题.也许不知何故只是调用python调用2.7.11可执行文件与2.7.10 dylibs的一些奇怪混合？

Answer 2

根据https://github.com/klen/python-mode/issues/634:

我有同样的问题,但成功修复了.在我的情况下,我用自制软件编译python和vim,当指定PYTHON_PATH并设置为我的开发环境之一时,我也有一些库,包括io.解决方法很简单:打开新终端,确保你没有自定义PYTHON_PATH,卸载python,卸载vim.重新安装它们.

和

问题解决了.

Culprit是从python 2.7.10到2.7.11的更新.

如果你使用的是conda包控件,只需运行"conda install python = 2.7.10"就可以解决这个问题.

但这并没有给出根本原因.由于这种情况发生_io,这看起来像python 2.7.11中的一个错误(不太可能,如果它是世界范围的强烈抗议和提示修复)或某些包装错误或版本与自制软件版本不匹配(可能是一些相关的).

尝试import _io在控制台中,如果成功,检查它是否从同一路径加载.

Answer 3

重新安装python.

brew unlink python && brew reinstall python

保护路径

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/bin/

备份并更改"路径"文件的顺序.

sudo nano /etc/paths

看起来,路径的顺序,正确运行python是决定性的.就我而言,结果是:

#sudo nano /etc/paths
  /usr/bin  
  /usr/local/bin
  /bin
  /usr/sbin
  /sbin

在我的Mac上,路径是这样的.

$ which python
    /usr/local/bin/python

现在我可以同时运行:

$ /usr/local/bin/python -c "import io"
$ python -c "import io"

Answer 4

我有同样的问题,只需更换_io.so文件就可以成功修复它.

sudo find / -name _io.so

复制不属于python-2.7.11 的_io.so文件路径.例如,复制_io.so的路径,该路径位于python-2.7.5下:/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib- dynload/_io.so

用您刚找到的/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_io.so文件替换文件_io.so.