使用字典作为可选参数的函数 - Python

Question

我正在尝试创建一个可能作为输入接收多个或几个字典的函数.我正在使用以下代码:

def merge_many_dics(dic1,dic2,dic3=True,dic4=True,dic5=True,dic6=True,dic7=True,dic8=True,dic9=True,dic10=True):
"""
Merging up to 10 dictionaries with same keys and different values
:return: a dictionary containing the common dates as keys and both values as values
"""
manydics = {}
for k in dic1.viewkeys() & dic2.viewkeys() & dic3.viewkeys() & dic4.viewkeys() & dic5.viewkeys() & dic6.viewkeys()\
        & dic7.viewkeys() & dic8.viewkeys() & dic9.viewkeys() & dic10.viewkeys():
    manydics[k] = (dic1[k], dic2[k],dic3[k],dic4[k],dic5[k],dic6[k],dic7[k],dic8[k],dic9[k],dic10[k])

return manydics

请注意,我试图将参数dic3,dic4,dic5等等于"True",因此当它们未被指定并且在函数中被调用时,没有任何反应.但是我收到以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/File.py", line 616, in <module>
main_dic=merge_many_dics(dic1,dic2,dic3,dic4)
File "/Users/File.py", line 132, in merge_many_dics
& dic7.viewkeys() & dic8.viewkeys() & dic9.viewkeys() & dic10.viewkeys():
AttributeError: 'bool' object has no attribute 'viewkeys'

有人为我的旅程提供服务吗？

Answer 1

使用任意参数列表,可以使用任意数量的参数调用该函数:

>>> def merge_many_dics(*dicts):
...     common_keys = reduce(lambda a, b: a & b, (d.viewkeys() for d in dicts))
...     return {key: tuple(d[key] for d in dicts) for key in common_keys}
...
>>> merge_many_dics({1:2}, {1:3}, {1:4, 2:5})
{1: (2, 3, 4)}

Answer 2

你应该尝试args语法:

def merge_many_dics(*args):
   iterate over your args to join them

然后你可以使用任意数量的参数调用函数.

带*args的函数可以如下:

   def print_all(name, *args):
      print "Hello", name, "here are your args"
      for arg in args:
         print arg

   print_all("Claus", "car", "boat", "house")

这将打印:

Hello Clause here are your args

car
boat
house