ril*_*lut 5 collections functional-programming rust
Vec<BTreeSet<char>>
我正在尝试从 中创建一个 set ( )向量Vec<Vec<char>>
。这是我迄今为止的进展:
use std::collections::BTreeSet;
fn main() {
// The data
let transaction_list = [
vec!['A','B','C','D'],
vec!['B','B','C'],
vec!['A','B','B','D']
];
// Successfully created a set from the Vec of Vec. It contains unique chars
let item_set: BTreeSet<char> = transaction_list.iter().flat_map(|t| t).cloned().collect();
// Made the same Vec of Vec. Basically just experimenting with map and collect
let the_same_transaction_list: Vec<Vec<char>> = transaction_list.iter().map(|t| t ).cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
// ERROR
let transaction_set: Vec<BTreeSet<char>> = transaction_list
.iter()
.map(|t| t.iter().map(|t| t).cloned().collect() )
.cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
}
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错误消息是:
error: the trait `core::iter::FromIterator<char>` is not implemented for the type `&_` [E0277]
.map(|t| t.iter().map(|t| t).cloned().collect() )
^~~~~~~~~
help: see the detailed explanation for E0277
note: a collection of type `&_` cannot be built from an iterator over elements of type `char`
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我还没有找到正确的方法来Vec<BTreeSet<char>>
制作Vec<Vec<char>>
. 这是游乐场网址: http: //is.gd/WVONHY。
错误消息有点奇怪。这是解决方案:
let transaction_set: Vec<BTreeSet<_>> =
transaction_list
.iter()
.map(|t| t.iter().cloned().collect())
.collect();
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两个主要变化是:
map(|x| x)
毫无意义。这是一个无操作。cloned
。调用的结果类型map
已经是 a BTreeSet
。无需再次克隆它。后者解决了您的问题,所以让我们看一下定义:
fn cloned<'a, T>(self) -> Cloned<Self>
where Self: Iterator<Item=&'a T>,
T: 'a + Clone
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为了能够调用cloned
,迭代器Item
必须是对可克隆对象的引用。但是,您正在尝试迭代BTreeSet
s,这不是引用。编译器选择告诉您没有办法将collect
内部迭代器 ofchar
转换为 a &_
(对某种类型的引用),从而满足调用 的要求cloned
。我的猜测是,内部类型比 所需的类型有更多的回旋空间collect
。如果我们稍微重写一下原始代码以在内部拥有更明确的类型:
let transaction_set: Vec<_> =
transaction_list
.iter()
.map(|t| -> BTreeSet<_> {t.iter().cloned().collect()})
.cloned().collect();
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我们得到一组不同的错误:
error: type mismatch resolving `<[closure...] as core::ops::FnOnce<(&collections::vec::Vec<char>,)>>::Output == &_`:
expected struct `collections::btree::set::BTreeSet`,
found &-ptr [E0271]
.cloned().collect();
^~~~~~~~
error: no method named `collect` found for type `core::iter::Cloned<core::iter::Map<core::slice::Iter<'_, collections::vec::Vec<char>>, [closure...]>>` in the current scope
.cloned().collect();
^~~~~~~~~
note: the method `collect` exists but the following trait bounds were not satisfied: `core::iter::Cloned<core::iter::Map<core::slice::Iter<'_, collections::vec::Vec<char>>, [closure...]>> : core::iter::Iterator`
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这有助于强调问题是由 的外部使用引起的cloned
。
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