如何在Angular2中为Http获取MockBackend进行单元测试？

Question

如何在Angular2中为Http获取MockBackend进行单元测试？

我在测试我的http单元测试时遇到了麻烦.每当我看到MockBackend它似乎令人困惑,很多代码和一些导入永远不会工作.

我只想要一个非常基本的http get单元测试

我正在使用:typescript,angular2,jasmine和karma runner.

我的实际代码运行正常.

这是我正在测试的代码:

 import {Injectable} from 'angular2/angular2';
 import {HTTP_PROVIDERS, Http, Headers} from 'angular2/http';

 @Injectable()

 export class FirebaseService{
   headers: Headers;

   //Test issue seems to be here when I inject Http instance.
   constructor(public http?: Http) {  
     this.headers = new Headers();
     this.headers.append('Content-Type', 'application/json');
   }

   //This is the method I'm testing.
   public getSpotifyTracks = ():Promise<Object> =>{ 
       return this.http
        .get('https://api.spotify.com/v1/tracks/0eGsygTp906u18L0Oimnem',      {headers:this.headers})
        .map((response) => {
           return response.json()
        }).toPromise();  
   }

 }

这是我对该代码的单元测试:

import {it, iit, describe, expect, inject, injectAsync, beforeEachProviders, fakeAsync, tick} from 'angular2/testing';
import {HTTP_PROVIDERS, Http, Headers} from 'angular2/http';
import {FirebaseService} from '../app/firebase-service';

describe('Firebase Service Calls', () => {
    beforeEachProviders(()=> [Http, FirebaseService]); 

    //Issue seems to be here????
    it('get all tracks from spotify', injectAsync([FirebaseService],(service) => {      

        return service.getSpotifyTracks().then((response) => {
          expect(response.length).not.toBe(null);
        });   

    }), 3000);

});

Answer 1

首先导入所有模块：

import {it,describe,expect,inject,injectAsync,beforeEachProviders} from 'angular2/testing';
import {provide, Injector} from 'angular2/core';

import {MockBackend} from 'angular2/http/testing';
import {YourServiceToBeTested} from 'path/to/YourServiceToBeTested';

接下来您需要声明 Mocked HttpBackend ：

describe('Service with Http injected', () => {
beforeEachProviders(() => {
[
  MockBackend,
  BaseRequestOptions,
  provide(
      Http,
         {
            useFactory: (backend, defaultOptions) => {
              return new Http(backend, defaultOptions);
       },
       deps: [MockBackend, BaseRequestOptions]
  }),
  YourServiceToBeTested
]
});

最后，在每个测试中，您需要注入模拟并设置模拟值（即您的服务为此特定测试返回的虚假数据）

it('should respect your expectation',

inject(
  [YourServiceToBeTested, MockBackend],
  (yourServiceToBeTested, mockBackend) => {

    let response = 'Expected Response from HTTP service usually JSON format';
    let responseOptions = new ResponseOptions({body: response});
mock.connections.subscribe(
    c => c.mockRespond(new Response(responseOptions)));

    var res = yourServiceToBeTested.ServiceMethodToBeTest(serviceParams);
    expect(res).toEqual('your own expectation');
  }));