Spark SQL的where子句排除空值

Question

我试图在Apache spark sql上运行查询.第一个查询工作正常,但第二个查询也删除空值.

代码:

def main(args: Array[String]) {

    val sc = new SparkContext("local[*]", "Spark")
    val sqlContext = new SQLContext(sc)

    val pageViewsDF = getDataframe(sc, sqlContext)

    println("RUNNING SQL QUERIES ")

    sqlContext.sql("select name , count(*) from pageviews_by_second group by name").show(10)

    sqlContext.sql("select name , count(*) from pageviews_by_second where name not in (\"Rose\") group by name").show(10)

  }

  def getDataframe(sc: SparkContext, sqlContext: SQLContext): DataFrame = {

    Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.OFF);
    Logger.getLogger("akka").setLevel(Level.OFF);

    val dataArray = List(List("David", null),
      List("David", null),
      List("Charlie", "23"),
      List("Rose", null),
      List("Ben", null),
      List("Harry", "43"),
      List(null, "25"),
      List(null, "21"),
      List("David", "15"),
      List("Rose", null),
      List("Alan", "26"))
    val separator = ","

    // Create an RDD
    val dataRDD = sc.parallelize(dataArray)

    // The schema is encoded in a string
    val header = "name,age"

    // Import Spark SQL data types and Row.
    import org.apache.spark.sql._

    // Generate the schema based on the string of schema
    val schema =
      StructType(
        header.split(separator).map { fieldName =>
          StructField(fieldName, StringType, true)
        })

    val rowRDD =
      dataRDD
        .map(p => Row(p(0), p(1)))

    // Apply the schema to the RDD.
    var df = sqlContext.createDataFrame(rowRDD, schema)

    df.registerTempTable("pageviews_by_second")

    df
  }

第一个查询的结果是:

+-------+---+
|   name|_c1|
+-------+---+
|   Alan|  1|
|    Ben|  1|
|  David|  3|
|Charlie|  1|
|   Rose|  2|
|  Harry|  1|
|   null|  2|
+-------+---+

第二个查询的输出:

+-------+---+
|   name|_c1|
+-------+---+
|   Alan|  1|
|    Ben|  1|
|  David|  3|
|Charlie|  1|
|  Harry|  1|
+-------+---+

在第二个查询中,我仅排除"Rose",但"null"也被排除在外.

如果我的查询错误,请帮助我正确的查询.

Answer 1

它发生是因为NULL在SQL中相当于"未知".这意味着NULL除了IS NULL/ 之外的任何比较IS NOT NULL都是未定义的并返回NULL.

case class Record(id: Integer, value: String)

val df = sc.parallelize(Seq(Record(1, "foo"), Record(2, null))).toDF
df.registerTempTable("df")

sqlContext.sql("""SELECT value = "foo" FROM df""").show
// +----+
// | _c0|
// +----+
// |true|
// |null|
// +----+

sqlContext.sql("""SELECT value != "foo" FROM df""").show
// +-----+
// |  _c0|
// +-----+
// |false|
// | null|
// +-----+

因为这个IN/ NOT IN未定义:

sqlContext.sql("""SELECT value IN ("foo", "bar")  FROM df""").show
// +----+
// | _c0|
// +----+
// |true|
// |null|
// +----+

这是一个标准的SQL行为,正确实现SQL标准的系统应该以相同的方式运行.如果你过滤并保持NULLs你必须明确地:

sqlContext.sql(
  """SELECT value IN ("foo", "bar") OR value IS NULL FROM df""").show
// +----+
// | _c0|
// +----+
// |true|
// |true|
// +----+