Android - 自定义按钮,具有形状可绘制和渐变编程

Question

我想制作一个像这个程序的自定义按钮,也许是一个径向渐变.

我将视图子类化,并绘制三个形状drawable,然后绘制文本.文本似乎偏离中心,所以我试图为文本绘制一个边界矩形,但那里没有运气.并计划添加一个点击监听器来获取类似行为的按钮.

也许我应该是子类按钮,但是在哪里绘制我的drawables所以他们不会被按钮的文本绘制搞乱.

任何指针将不胜感激.

谢谢

Edit2:看下面的第二次尝试.

Edit3:赏金的原因是弄清楚为什么子类化drawable不起作用.梯度不是那么重要.

edit4:在DrawableView :: OnDraw()中的getTextBounds()之前发现了drawRect.

package acme.drawables;
import android.content.*;
import android.content.pm.*;
import android.graphics.*;
import android.graphics.drawable.*;
import android.graphics.drawable.shapes.*;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.*;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.*;
import static java.lang.Math.*;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    DrawableView drawableView;
    LinearLayout row(boolean isRow1) {
        LinearLayout layout=new LinearLayout(this);
        layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
        LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams=new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(w,d);
        int m=(int)round(w*margin);
        layoutParams.setMargins(m,m,m,m);
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            layout.addView(drawableView=new DrawableView(this,i,isRow1),layoutParams);
        return layout;
    }
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
        DisplayMetrics metrics=new DisplayMetrics();
        getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(metrics);
        w=d=(int)round(metrics.densityDpi);
        LinearLayout row1=row(true);
        LinearLayout row2=row(false);
        LinearLayout layout=new LinearLayout(this);
        layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        layout.addView(row1);
        layout.addView(row2);
        LinearLayout l=new LinearLayout(this);
        setContentView(layout);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        return true;
    }
    public class DrawableView extends View {
        public DrawableView(Context context,int column,boolean isRow1) {
            super(context);
            setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
            this.column=column;
            text=""+(char)('0'+column);
            int r=(int)round(w*radius);
            d0=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            d0.getPaint().setColor(0xff000000);
            d0.setBounds(0,0,w,d);
            d1=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            d1.getPaint().setColor(on[column]);
            d1.setBounds(edge,edge,w-edge,d-edge);
            d2=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            int b=(int)round(w*border);
            d2.setBounds(b/2,b/2,w-b/2,d-b/2);
            d2.getPaint().setColor(isRow1?on[column]:off[column]);
        }
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            d0.draw(canvas);
            d1.draw(canvas);
            d2.draw(canvas);
            Paint paint = new Paint();
            //paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            //canvas.drawPaint(paint);
            paint.setColor(Color.CYAN);
            paint.setTextSize(w*95/100);
            Rect r=new Rect();
            paint.getTextBounds(text,0,1,r); // were switched
            canvas.drawRect(r,paint);  // were switched
            int x=(w-r.width())/2,y=(d-r.height())/2;
            paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            canvas.drawText(text,x,d-y,paint);
        }
        final int column;
        final String text;
        ShapeDrawable d0, d1, d2;
    }
    final int n=5, edge=1;
    double margin=.10, radius=.05, border=.15;
    int w, d;
    final int[] on=new int[]{0xffff0000,0xffffff00,0xff00ff00,0xff0000ff,0xffff8000};
    final int[] off=new int[]{0xff800000,0xff808000,0xff008000,0xff000080,0xff804000};
}

此版本尝试子类drawable并使用按钮.但是按钮的绘图似乎会干扰我绘制可绘制的形状.看起来边界被忽略了.

package acme.drawables;
import android.content.*;
import android.content.pm.*;
import android.graphics.*;
import android.graphics.drawable.*;
import android.graphics.drawable.shapes.*;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.*;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.*;

import static java.lang.Math.*;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    LinearLayout row(boolean isRow1) {
        LinearLayout layout=new LinearLayout(this);
        layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
        LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams=new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(w,d);
        int m=(int)round(w*margin);
        layoutParams.setMargins(m,m,m,m);
        if(true)
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { // subclass drawable
                Button b=new Button(this);
                b.setText(""+(char)('0'+i));
                b.setBackground(new MyDrawable(i,i/n%2==0));
                layout.addView(b,layoutParams);
            }
        else
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++) // use drawable view with canvas draw text
                layout.addView(drawableView=new DrawableView(i,isRow1),layoutParams);
        return layout;
    }
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
        DisplayMetrics metrics=new DisplayMetrics();
        getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(metrics);
        w=d=(int)round(metrics.densityDpi);
        LinearLayout row1=row(true);
        LinearLayout row2=row(false);
        LinearLayout layout=new LinearLayout(this);
        layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        layout.addView(row1);
        layout.addView(row2);
        LinearLayout l=new LinearLayout(this);
        setContentView(layout);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        return true;
    }
    public class MyDrawable extends Drawable {
        public MyDrawable(int column,boolean isRow1) {
            drawableView=new DrawableView(column,isRow1);
        }
        public void setAlpha(int alpha) {
            System.out.println("ignoring set alpha to: "+alpha);
        }
        public void setColorFilter(ColorFilter colorFilter) {
            System.out.println("ignoring set color filter to: "+colorFilter);
        }
        public int getOpacity() {
            return PixelFormat.OPAQUE;
        }
        public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
            System.out.println(this+" is drawing.");
            drawableView.d0.draw(canvas);
            System.out.println("d0 bounds: "+drawableView.d0.getBounds());
            drawableView.d1.draw(canvas);
            System.out.println("d1 bounds: "+drawableView.d1.getBounds());
            drawableView.d2.draw(canvas);
            System.out.println("d2 bounds: "+drawableView.d2.getBounds());
        }
        final DrawableView drawableView; // cheat by delegating
    }
    public class DrawableView extends View {
        public DrawableView(int column,boolean isRow1) {
            super(MainActivity.this);
            setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
            this.column=column;
            text=""+(char)('0'+column);
            int r=(int)round(w*radius);
            d0=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            d0.getPaint().setColor(0xff000000);
            d0.setBounds(0,0,w,d);
            d1=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            d1.getPaint().setColor(on[column]);
            d1.setBounds(edge,edge,w-edge,d-edge);
            d2=new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(new float[]{r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r},null,null));
            int b=(int)round(w*border);
            d2.setBounds(b/2,b/2,w-b/2,d-b/2);
            d2.getPaint().setColor(isRow1?on[column]:off[column]);
        }
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            d0.draw(canvas);
            d1.draw(canvas);
            d2.draw(canvas);
            Paint paint=new Paint();
            //paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            //canvas.drawPaint(paint);
            paint.setColor(Color.CYAN);
            paint.setTextSize(w*95/100);
            Rect r=new Rect();
            canvas.drawRect(r,paint);
            paint.getTextBounds(text,0,1,r);
            int x=(w-r.width())/2, y=(d-r.height())/2;
            paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            canvas.drawText(text,x,d-y,paint);
        }
        final int column;
        final String text;
        ShapeDrawable d0, d1, d2;
    }
    DrawableView drawableView;
    final int n=5, edge=1;
    double margin=.10, radius=.05, border=.15;
    int w, d;
    final int[] on=new int[]{0xffff0000,0xffffff00,0xff00ff00,0xff0000ff,0xffff8000};
    final int[] off=new int[]{0xff800000,0xff808000,0xff008000,0xff000080,0xff804000};
}

Answer 1

1）使用对齐方式在中心绘制文本DrawableView（应该有助于文本看起来偏离中心）：

paint.setTextAlign(Align.CENTER); // <- should help you with centering
paint.getTextBounds(text, 0, 1, r);
int x = w / 2, y = (d - r.height()) / 2; // <- was updated too

2）为了回答你的问题，赏金的原因是找出为什么子类化drawable不起作用：

我想这是因为您创建了DrawableView它MyDrawable并且没有将其添加到任何容器中，这意味着您没有测量和布局它。所以，它的高度和宽度可能为零。

3）我建议您使用 Button 而不是自定义视图和可绘制对象。您可以从 Button 进行扩展，并在 onDraw 方法的末尾进行其他绘图，如下所示：

public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
    super.onDraw(canvas);
    // your custom drawing over button
}

原来的错误答案

赏金的原因是找出为什么子类化drawable不起作用

尝试检查是否需要致电：

• super.onDraw(canvas)在DrawableView.onDraw
• super.draw(canvas)在MyDrawable.draw