Python:忽略xml.etree.ElementTree中的命名空间？

Question

如何告诉ElementTree忽略XML文件中的命名空间？

例如,我更愿意查询modelVersion(如语句1中)而不是 {http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion(如语句2中所示).

pom="""
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
</project>
"""

from xml.etree import ElementTree
ElementTree.register_namespace("","http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0")
root = ElementTree.fromstring(pom)

print 1,root.findall('modelVersion')
print 2,root.findall('{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion')

1 []
2 [<Element '{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion' at 0x1006bff10>]

Answer 1

似乎没有直接的途径，因此我只是简单地包装 find 调用，例如

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

POM = """
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
</project>
"""

NSPS = {'foo' : "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"}

# sic!
def findall(node, tag):
    return node.findall('foo:' + tag, NSPS) 

root = ET.fromstring(POM)
print(map(ET.tostring, findall(root, 'modelVersion')))

输出：

['<ns0:modelVersion xmlns:ns0="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">4.0.0</ns0:modelVersion>\n']