尽管在android清单中声明了所需的权限,但无法从设备获取电话号码

Question

我正在尝试以编程方式从我的设备获取电话号码.我正在尝试使用以下代码:

TelephonyManager tMgr = (TelephonyManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
mPhoneNumber = tMgr.getLine1Number();

我在清单文件中声明了以下权限:

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>

但是我的应用程序仍然崩溃,堆栈跟踪如下:

E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: toadways.ways.toad.toadways, PID: 29620
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{toadways.ways.toad.toadways/toadways.ways.toad.toadways.RegistrationScreen}: java.lang.SecurityException: getLine1NumberForDisplay: Neither user 10240 nor current process has android.permission.READ_SMS.
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2416)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)
Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: getLine1NumberForDisplay: Neither user 10240 nor current process has android.permission.READ_SMS.
at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1599)
at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1552)
at com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephony$Stub$Proxy.getLine1NumberForDisplay(ITelephony.java:3717)
at android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getLine1NumberForSubscriber(TelephonyManager.java:2091)
at android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getLine1Number(TelephonyManager.java:2069)
at toadways.ways.toad.toadways.RegistrationScreen.onCreate(RegistrationScreen.java:50)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) 
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) 
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) 
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 

任何人都可以请求我知道我在做什么错误以及为什么我会遇到这个崩溃.欢迎所有建议.

Answer 1

从API23(Marshmallow)开始,您需要在运行时请求一些权限.它在http://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html上有描述

基本上:

// Assume thisActivity is the current activity
int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
    Manifest.permission.READ_SMS);
if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,
            new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS},
            REQUEST_CODE_READ_SMS); // define this constant yourself
} else {
     // you have the permission
}

引用的活动thisActivity必须实现ActivityCompat.OnRequestPermissionsResultCallback.html#onRequestPermissionsResult(int, java.lang.String[], int[]).在此方法中,如果为您的请求授予了权限,则可以继续.第一个int参数是请求代码,例如REQUEST_CODE_READ_SMS.

这是一个没有考虑其他参数的基本示例,因此请阅读文档以了解其工作原理.