从PL/SQL块中的字符串变量创建用户

Question

我使用Oracle XE的唯一目的是开发PHP应用程序,而版本11g显然已经丢失了GUI工具来管理10g曾经拥有的用户,所以我想准备一个代码片段来从命令行创建用户.我正在尝试定义变量,所以我不需要输入相同的用户名16次,但我无法正确使用语法:

DECLARE
    my_user VARCHAR2(30) := 'foo';
    my_password VARCHAR2(9) := '1234';
BEGIN
    CREATE USER my_user IDENTIFIED BY my_password DEFAULT TABLESPACE users;

    GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE DATABASE LINK TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE PROCEDURE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE ROLE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE SEQUENCE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TABLE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TRIGGER TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TYPE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE VIEW TO my_user;

    GRANT SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE TO my_user;
    GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO my_user;
END;
/

        CREATE USER my_user IDENTIFIED BY my_password DEFAULT TABLESPACE users;
        *
ERROR en línea 5:
ORA-06550: line 5, column 2:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "CREATE" when expecting one of the following:
( begin case declare exit for goto if loop mod null pragma
raise return select update while with <an identifier>
<a double-quoted delimited-identifier> <a bind variable> <<
continue close current delete fetch lock insert open rollback
savepoint set sql execute commit forall merge pipe purge

是否禁止CREATE USER在PL/SQL块中使用语句或者我只是做了一个愚蠢的错字？是否必须使用SQL*Plus变量？

Answer 1

PLS-00103:遇到以下其中一项时遇到符号"CREATE":

上述错误是因为您在PL/SQL中使用DDL.你不能这样做.您必须(ab)使用EXECUTE IMMEDIATE在PL/SQL中发出DDL语句.

例如,

SQL> DECLARE
  2    my_user     VARCHAR2(30) := 'foo';
  3    my_password VARCHAR2(9)  := '1234';
  4  BEGIN
  5    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE USER '||my_user||' IDENTIFIED BY '||my_password;
  6    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'GRANT CREATE SESSION TO '||my_user;
  7  END;
  8  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> conn foo/1234@pdborcl
Connected.
SQL> SHOW USER
USER is "FOO"

文档快速参考,

在PL/SQL中执行DDL和SCL语句

只有动态SQL才能在PL/SQL程序单元中执行以下类型的语句:

• 数据定义语言(DDL)语句,例如CREATE,DROP,GRANT,和REVOKE

• 会话控制语言(SCL)语句如ALTER SESSION和SET ROLE

• 将TABLE在该条款SELECT声明

在旁注,

创建用户和授予权限通常是DBA负责的数据库管理任务.它不是通过PL/SQL程序完成的频繁活动.DBA创建用户并将必要的权限授予一次性活动.