替换重音字符php

Question

我试图用正常替换替换重音字符.以下是我目前正在做的事情.

    $string = "Éric Cantona";
    $strict = strtolower($string);

    echo "After Lower: ".$strict;

    $patterns[0] = '/[á|â|à|å|ä]/';
    $patterns[1] = '/[ð|é|ê|è|ë]/';
    $patterns[2] = '/[í|î|ì|ï]/';
    $patterns[3] = '/[ó|ô|ò|ø|õ|ö]/';
    $patterns[4] = '/[ú|û|ù|ü]/';
    $patterns[5] = '/æ/';
    $patterns[6] = '/ç/';
    $patterns[7] = '/ß/';
    $replacements[0] = 'a';
    $replacements[1] = 'e';
    $replacements[2] = 'i';
    $replacements[3] = 'o';
    $replacements[4] = 'u';
    $replacements[5] = 'ae';
    $replacements[6] = 'c';
    $replacements[7] = 'ss';

    $strict = preg_replace($patterns, $replacements, $strict);
    echo "Final: ".$strict;

这给了我:

    After Lower: éric cantona
    Final: ric cantona

上面给了我ric cantona我想要的输出eric cantona.

任何人都可以帮我解决我的错误吗？

Answer 1

我根据答案中列出的变化尝试了所有种类,但以下工作:

$unwanted_array = array(    'Š'=>'S', 'š'=>'s', 'Ž'=>'Z', 'ž'=>'z', 'À'=>'A', 'Á'=>'A', 'Â'=>'A', 'Ã'=>'A', 'Ä'=>'A', 'Å'=>'A', 'Æ'=>'A', 'Ç'=>'C', 'È'=>'E', 'É'=>'E',
                            'Ê'=>'E', 'Ë'=>'E', 'Ì'=>'I', 'Í'=>'I', 'Î'=>'I', 'Ï'=>'I', 'Ñ'=>'N', 'Ò'=>'O', 'Ó'=>'O', 'Ô'=>'O', 'Õ'=>'O', 'Ö'=>'O', 'Ø'=>'O', 'Ù'=>'U',
                            'Ú'=>'U', 'Û'=>'U', 'Ü'=>'U', 'Ý'=>'Y', 'Þ'=>'B', 'ß'=>'Ss', 'à'=>'a', 'á'=>'a', 'â'=>'a', 'ã'=>'a', 'ä'=>'a', 'å'=>'a', 'æ'=>'a', 'ç'=>'c',
                            'è'=>'e', 'é'=>'e', 'ê'=>'e', 'ë'=>'e', 'ì'=>'i', 'í'=>'i', 'î'=>'i', 'ï'=>'i', 'ð'=>'o', 'ñ'=>'n', 'ò'=>'o', 'ó'=>'o', 'ô'=>'o', 'õ'=>'o',
                            'ö'=>'o', 'ø'=>'o', 'ù'=>'u', 'ú'=>'u', 'û'=>'u', 'ý'=>'y', 'þ'=>'b', 'ÿ'=>'y' );
$str = strtr( $str, $unwanted_array );

Answer 2

要删除变音符号,请使用iconv:

$val = iconv('ISO-8859-1','ASCII//TRANSLIT',$val);

要么

$val = iconv('UTF-8','ASCII//TRANSLIT',$val);

请注意,php有一些奇怪的错误,因为它(有时？)需要设置一个语言环境来使这些转换工作,使用setlocale().

编辑刚测试,它开箱即用你的大部分变音符号:

$val = "á|â|à|å|ä ð|é|ê|è|ë í|î|ì|ï ó|ô|ò|ø|õ|ö ú|û|ù|ü æ ç ß abc ABC 123";
echo iconv('UTF-8','ASCII//TRANSLIT',$val); 

输出:

a|a|a|a|a ?|e|e|e|e i|i|i|i o|o|o|?|o|o u|u|u|u ae c ss abc ABC 123

所以你可能想在调用iconv之前手工修复那两个奇怪的东西,或深入研究php的内部工作并实际修复它.

Answer 3

我刚刚得到了Lizard的答案,这非常有帮助 - 尤其是当你做一些排序时.是不是很漂亮我们需要说多少个字符大致相同;)

如果其他人在寻找全面的解决方案(就上面的评论而言),这里是复制和粘贴:

/**
 * Replace language-specific characters by ASCII-equivalents.
 * @param string $s
 * @return string
 */
public static function normalizeChars($s) {
    $replace = array(
        '?'=>'-', '?'=>'-', '?'=>'-', '?'=>'-',
        '?'=>'A', '?'=>'A', 'À'=>'A', 'Ã'=>'A', 'Á'=>'A', 'Æ'=>'A', 'Â'=>'A', 'Å'=>'A', 'Ä'=>'Ae',
        'Þ'=>'B',
        '?'=>'C', '?'=>'C', 'Ç'=>'C',
        'È'=>'E', '?'=>'E', 'É'=>'E', 'Ë'=>'E', 'Ê'=>'E',
        '?'=>'G',
        '?'=>'I', 'Ï'=>'I', 'Î'=>'I', 'Í'=>'I', 'Ì'=>'I',
        '?'=>'L',
        'Ñ'=>'N', '?'=>'N',
        'Ø'=>'O', 'Ó'=>'O', 'Ò'=>'O', 'Ô'=>'O', 'Õ'=>'O', 'Ö'=>'Oe',
        '?'=>'S', '?'=>'S', '?'=>'S', 'Š'=>'S',
        '?'=>'T',
        'Ù'=>'U', 'Û'=>'U', 'Ú'=>'U', 'Ü'=>'Ue',
        'Ý'=>'Y',
        '?'=>'Z', 'Ž'=>'Z', '?'=>'Z',
        'â'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', 'á'=>'a', '?'=>'a', 'ã'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', 'å'=>'a', 'à'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', '?'=>'a', 'ä'=>'ae', 'æ'=>'ae', '?'=>'ae', '?'=>'ae',
        '?'=>'b', '?'=>'b', '?'=>'b', 'þ'=>'b',
        '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', 'ç'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'c', '?'=>'ch', '?'=>'ch',
        '?'=>'d', '?'=>'d', '?'=>'d', '?'=>'d', '?'=>'d', '?'=>'d', '?'=>'D', 'ð'=>'d',
        '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', '?'=>'e', 'ê'=>'e', '?'=>'e', 'è'=>'e', 'ë'=>'e', 'é'=>'e',
        '?'=>'f', 'ƒ'=>'f', '?'=>'f',
        '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g', '?'=>'g',
        '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h', '?'=>'h',
        'î'=>'i', 'ï'=>'i', 'í'=>'i', 'ì'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'i', '?'=>'ij', '?'=>'ij',
        '?'=>'j', '?'=>'j', '?'=>'j', '?'=>'j', '?'=>'ja', '?'=>'ja', '?'=>'je', '?'=>'je', '?'=>'jo', '?'=>'jo', '?'=>'ju', '?'=>'ju',
        '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k', '?'=>'k',
        '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l', '?'=>'l',
        '?'=>'m', '?'=>'m', '?'=>'m', '?'=>'m',
        'ñ'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n', '?'=>'n',
        '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', 'õ'=>'o', 'ô'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', 'ø'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', 'ò'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', '?'=>'o', 'ó'=>'o', '?'=>'o', 'œ'=>'oe', 'Œ'=>'oe', 'ö'=>'oe',
        '?'=>'p', '?'=>'p', '?'=>'p', '?'=>'p',
        '?'=>'q',
        '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r', '?'=>'r',
        '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', 'š'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'s', '?'=>'sch', '?'=>'sch', '?'=>'sh', '?'=>'sh', 'ß'=>'ss',
        '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '?'=>'t', '™'=>'tm',
        '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', 'ù'=>'u', 'ú'=>'u', 'û'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', '?'=>'u', 'ü'=>'ue',
        '?'=>'v', '?'=>'v', '?'=>'v',
        '?'=>'w', '?'=>'w', '?'=>'w',
        '?'=>'y', '?'=>'y', 'ý'=>'y', 'ÿ'=>'y', 'Ÿ'=>'y', '?'=>'y',
        '?'=>'y', 'ž'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'z', '?'=>'zh', '?'=>'zh'
    );
    return strtr($s, $replace);
}

注意德国变音符号的一些细微变化(ä=> ae)

编辑:包含更多基于user3682119发布的字符(版权符号除外)和来自daker的评论.

Answer 4

在PHP 5.4中,intl扩展提供了一个名为Transliterator的新类.

我认为这是删除变音符号的最佳方法,原因有两个:

1. Transliterator基于ICU,因此您正在使用ICU库的表格.ICU是一个伟大的项目,在过去一年中开发,提供全面的表格和功能.无论你想自己写什么表,它都不会像ICU那样完整.

2. 在UTF-8中,字符可以用不同的方式表示.例如,字符ñ可以保存为单个(多字节)字符,也可以保存为字符组合˜(多字节)和n.除此之外,Unicode中的一些字符是同形异义词:它们看起来相同但具有不同的代码点.因此,将字符串规范化也很重要.

这是一个示例代码,取自我的一个旧答案:

<?php
$transliterator = Transliterator::createFromRules(':: NFD; :: [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; :: NFC;', Transliterator::FORWARD);
$test = ['abcd', 'èe', '€', 'àòùìéëü', 'àòùìéëü', 'tiësto'];
foreach($test as $e) {
    $normalized = $transliterator->transliterate($e);
    echo $e. ' --> '.$normalized."\n";
}
?>

结果:

abcd --> abcd
èe --> ee
€ --> €
àòùìéëü --> aouieeu
àòùìéëü --> aouieeu
tiësto --> tiesto

Transliterator类的第一个参数执行变音符号的删除以及字符串的规范化.

Answer 5

所以我在php.net页面上找到了preg_replace函数

// replace accented chars

$string = "Zacarías Ferreíra"; // my definition for string variable
$accents = '/&([A-Za-z]{1,2})(grave|acute|circ|cedil|uml|lig);/';

$string_encoded = htmlentities($string,ENT_NOQUOTES,'UTF-8');

$string = preg_replace($accents,'$1',$string_encoded);

如果你有编码问题,你可能会得到像这样的"ZacarÃÂasFerreÃÂra",只需解码字符串并使用上面的代码

$string = utf8_decode("Zacarías Ferreíra");

Answer 6

这对我有用:

<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8"); 
$val = iconv('UTF-8','ASCII//TRANSLIT',$val);
?>

Answer 7

我发现这种方式很好，无需过多担心字符集和数组或 iconv：

function replace_accents($str) {
   $str = htmlentities($str, ENT_COMPAT, "UTF-8");
   $str = preg_replace('/&([a-zA-Z])(uml|acute|grave|circ|tilde|ring);/','$1',$str);
   return html_entity_decode($str);
}

Answer 8

protected $_convertTable = array(
    '&' => 'and',   '@' => 'at',    '©' => 'c', '®' => 'r', 'À' => 'a',
    'Á' => 'a', 'Â' => 'a', 'Ä' => 'a', 'Å' => 'a', 'Æ' => 'ae','Ç' => 'c',
    'È' => 'e', 'É' => 'e', 'Ë' => 'e', 'Ì' => 'i', 'Í' => 'i', 'Î' => 'i',
    'Ï' => 'i', 'Ò' => 'o', 'Ó' => 'o', 'Ô' => 'o', 'Õ' => 'o', 'Ö' => 'o',
    'Ø' => 'o', 'Ù' => 'u', 'Ú' => 'u', 'Û' => 'u', 'Ü' => 'u', 'Ý' => 'y',
    'ß' => 'ss','à' => 'a', 'á' => 'a', 'â' => 'a', 'ä' => 'a', 'å' => 'a',
    'æ' => 'ae','ç' => 'c', 'è' => 'e', 'é' => 'e', 'ê' => 'e', 'ë' => 'e',
    'ì' => 'i', 'í' => 'i', 'î' => 'i', 'ï' => 'i', 'ò' => 'o', 'ó' => 'o',
    'ô' => 'o', 'õ' => 'o', 'ö' => 'o', 'ø' => 'o', 'ù' => 'u', 'ú' => 'u',
    'û' => 'u', 'ü' => 'u', 'ý' => 'y', 'þ' => 'p', 'ÿ' => 'y', '?' => 'a',
    '?' => 'a', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'c',
    '?' => 'c', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'c',
    '?' => 'c', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'e',
    '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e',
    '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g',
    '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'h',
    '?' => 'h', '?' => 'h', '?' => 'h', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i',
    '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i',
    '?' => 'i', '?' => 'ij','?' => 'ij','?' => 'j', '?' => 'j', '?' => 'k',
    '?' => 'k', '?' => 'k', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l',
    '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'l',
    '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n',
    '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'o',
    '?' => 'o', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'o', 'Œ' => 'oe','œ' => 'oe','?' => 'r',
    '?' => 'r', '?' => 'r', '?' => 'r', '?' => 'r', '?' => 'r', '?' => 's',
    '?' => 's', '?' => 's', '?' => 's', '?' => 's', '?' => 's', 'Š' => 's',
    'š' => 's', '?' => 't', '?' => 't', '?' => 't', '?' => 't', '?' => 't',
    '?' => 't', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u',
    '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u',
    '?' => 'u', '?' => 'w', '?' => 'w', '?' => 'y', '?' => 'y', 'Ÿ' => 'y',
    '?' => 'z', '?' => 'z', '?' => 'z', '?' => 'z', 'Ž' => 'z', 'ž' => 'z',
    '?' => 'z', '?' => 'e', 'ƒ' => 'f', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'u',
    '?' => 'u', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'o',
    '?' => 'o', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u',
    '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'a',
    '?' => 'a', '?' => 'ae','?' => 'ae','?' => 'o', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'e',
    '?' => 'jo','?' => 'e', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'b',
    '?' => 'v', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'zh','?' => 'z',
    '?' => 'i', '?' => 'j', '?' => 'k', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'm', '?' => 'n',
    '?' => 'o', '?' => 'p', '?' => 'r', '?' => 's', '?' => 't', '?' => 'u',
    '?' => 'f', '?' => 'h', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'ch','?' => 'sh','?' => 'sch',
    '?' => '-', '?' => 'y', '?' => '-', '?' => 'je','?' => 'ju','?' => 'ja',
    '?' => 'a', '?' => 'b', '?' => 'v', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'd', '?' => 'e',
    '?' => 'zh','?' => 'z', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'j', '?' => 'k', '?' => 'l',
    '?' => 'm', '?' => 'n', '?' => 'o', '?' => 'p', '?' => 'r', '?' => 's',
    '?' => 't', '?' => 'u', '?' => 'f', '?' => 'h', '?' => 'c', '?' => 'ch',
    '?' => 'sh','?' => 'sch','?' => '-','?' => 'y', '?' => '-', '?' => 'je',
    '?' => 'ju','?' => 'ja','?' => 'jo','?' => 'e', '?' => 'i', '?' => 'i',
    '?' => 'g', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'a', '?' => 'b', '?' => 'g', '?' => 'd',
    '?' => 'h', '?' => 'v', '?' => 'z', '?' => 'h', '?' => 't', '?' => 'i',
    '?' => 'k', '?' => 'k', '?' => 'l', '?' => 'm', '?' => 'm', '?' => 'n',
    '?' => 'n', '?' => 's', '?' => 'e', '?' => 'p', '?' => 'p', '?' => 'C',
    '?' => 'c', '?' => 'q', '?' => 'r', '?' => 'w', '?' => 't', '™' => 'tm',
);

从magento,我基本上使用它一切

Answer 9

基于@BurninLeo答案的更新答案

function replace_spec_char($subject) {
    $char_map = array(
        "?" => "-", "?" => "-", "?" => "-", "?" => "-",
        "?" => "A", "?" => "A", "?" => "A", "?" => "A", "À" => "A", "Ã" => "A", "Á" => "A", "Æ" => "A", "Â" => "A", "Å" => "A", "?" => "A", "?" => "A", "?" => "A",
        "?" => "B", "?" => "B", "Þ" => "B",
        "?" => "C", "?" => "C", "Ç" => "C", "?" => "C", "?" => "C", "?" => "C", "?" => "C", "©" => "C", "?" => "C",
        "?" => "D", "?" => "D", "?" => "D", "?" => "D", "Ð" => "D",
        "È" => "E", "?" => "E", "É" => "E", "Ë" => "E", "Ê" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E", "?" => "E",
        "?" => "F", "?" => "F",
        "?" => "G", "?" => "G", "?" => "G", "?" => "G", "?" => "G", "?" => "G", "?" => "G",
        "?" => "H", "?" => "H", "?" => "H", "?" => "H", "?" => "H",
        "I" => "I", "Ï" => "I", "Î" => "I", "Í" => "I", "Ì" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "I" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I", "?" => "I",
        "?" => "J", "?" => "J",
        "?" => "K", "?" => "K", "?" => "K", "?" => "K", "?" => "K",
        "?" => "L", "?" => "L", "?" => "L", "?" => "L", "?" => "L", "?" => "L", "?" => "L",
        "?" => "M", "?" => "M", "?" => "M",
        "Ñ" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N", "?" => "N",
        "Ø" => "O", "Ó" => "O", "Ò" => "O", "Ô" => "O", "Õ" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O", "?" => "O",
        "?" => "P", "?" => "P", "?" => "P",
        "?" => "Q",
        "?" => "R", "?" => "R", "?" => "R", "?" => "R", "?" => "R", "®" => "R",
        "?" => "S", "?" => "S", "?" => "S", "Š" => "S", "?" => "S", "?" => "S", "?" => "S",
        "?" => "T", "?" => "T", "?" => "T", "?" => "T", "?" => "T", "?" => "T", "?" => "T",
        "Ù" => "U", "Û" => "U", "Ú" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U", "?" => "U",
        "?" => "V", "?" => "V",
        "Ý" => "Y", "?" => "Y", "?" => "Y", "Ÿ" => "Y",
        "?" => "Z", "Ž" => "Z", "?" => "Z", "?" => "Z", "?" => "Z",
        "?" => "a", "?" => "a", "?" => "a", "?" => "a", "à" => "a", "ã" => "a", "á" => "a", "æ" => "a", "â" => "a", "å" => "a", "?" => "a", "?" => "a", "?" => "a",
        "?" => "b", "?" => "b", "þ" => "b",
        "?" => "c", "?" => "c", "ç" => "c", "?" => "c", "?" => "c", "?" => "c", "?" => "c", "©" => "c", "?" => "c",
        "?" => "ch", "?" => "ch",
        "?" => "d", "?" => "d", "?" => "d", "?" => "d", "ð" => "d",
        "è" => "e", "?" => "e", "é" => "e", "ë" => "e", "ê" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e", "?" => "e",
        "?" => "f", "ƒ" => "f",
        "?" => "g", "?" => "g", "?" => "g", "?" => "g", "?" => "g", "?" => "g", "?" => "g",
        "?" => "h", "?" => "h", "?" => "h", "?" => "h", "?" => "h",
        "i" => "i", "ï" => "i", "î" => "i", "í" => "i", "ì" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i", "?" => "i",
        "?" => "j", "?" => "j", "?" => "j", "?" => "j",
        "?" => "k", "?" => "k", "?" => "k", "?" => "k", "?" => "k",
        "?" => "l", "?" => "l", "?" => "l", "?" => "l", "?" => "l", "?" => "l", "?" => "l",
        "?" => "m", "?" => "m", "?" => "m",
        "ñ" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n", "?" => "n",
        "ø" => "o", "ó" => "o", "ò" => "o", "ô" => "o", "õ" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o", "?" => "o",
        "?" => "p", "?" => "p", "?" => "p",
        "?" => "q",
        "?" => "r", "?" => "r", "?" => "r", "?" => "r", "?" => "r", "®" => "r",
        "?" => "s", "?" => "s", "?" => "s", "š" => "s", "?" => "s", "?" => "s", "?" => "s",
        "?" => "t", "?" => "t", "?" => "t", "?" => "t", "?" => "t", "?" => "t", "?" => "t",
        "ù" => "u", "û" => "u", "ú" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u", "?" => "u",
        "?" => "v", "?" => "v",
        "ý" => "y", "?" => "y", "?" => "y", "ÿ" => "y",
        "?" => "z", "ž" => "z", "?" => "z", "?" => "z", "?" => "z", "?" => "z",
        "™" => "tm",
        "@" => "at",
        "Ä" => "ae", "?" => "ae", "ä" => "ae", "æ" => "ae", "?" => "ae",
        "?" => "ij", "?" => "ij",
        "?" => "ja", "?" => "ja",
        "?" => "je", "?" => "je",
        "?" => "jo", "?" => "jo",
        "?" => "ju", "?" => "ju",
        "œ" => "oe", "Œ" => "oe", "ö" => "oe", "Ö" => "oe",
        "?" => "sch", "?" => "sch",
        "?" => "sh", "?" => "sh",
        "ß" => "ss",
        "Ü" => "ue",
        "?" => "zh", "?" => "zh",
    );
    return strtr($subject, $char_map);
}

$string = "?í ???®ë, ?ß? å test!";
echo replace_spec_char($string);

?í ???®ë, ?ß? å test! => Hi there, jusst a test!

除了更长的字符(例如:ss,ch,sch)之外,这不会混淆大写和小写字符,添加@®©

此外,如果您想构建正则表达式匹配而不管特殊字符:

rss => '[r?????????](?:[s???š?????][s???š?????]|[ß])'

这个的vala实现:https://code.launchpad.net/~jeremy-munsch/synapse-project/ascii-smart/+merge/277477

这是您可以使用的基本列表,使用正则表达式替换(在崇高文本中)或小脚本,您可以从此数组构建任何内容以满足您的需求.

"-" => "????",
"A" => "????ÀÃÁÆÂÅ???",
"B" => "??Þ",
"C" => "??Ç????©?",
"D" => "????Ð",
"E" => "È?ÉËÊ????????",
"F" => "??",
"G" => "???????",
"H" => "?????",
"I" => "IÏÎÍÌ??I???????",
"J" => "??",
"K" => "?????",
"L" => "???????",
"M" => "???",
"N" => "Ñ????????",
"O" => "ØÓÒÔÕ???????",
"P" => "???",
"Q" => "?",
"R" => "?????®",
"S" => "???Š???",
"T" => "???????",
"U" => "ÙÛÚ?????????????",
"V" => "??",
"Y" => "Ý??Ÿ",
"Z" => "?Ž???",
"a" => "????àãáæâå???",
"b" => "??þ",
"c" => "??ç????©?",
"ch" => "?",
"d" => "????ð",
"e" => "è?éëê????????",
"f" => "?ƒ",
"g" => "???????",
"h" => "?????",
"i" => "iïîíì??????????",
"j" => "??",
"k" => "?????",
"l" => "???????",
"m" => "???",
"n" => "ñ????????",
"o" => "øóòôõ???????",
"p" => "???",
"q" => "?",
"r" => "?????®",
"s" => "???š???",
"t" => "???????",
"u" => "ùûú?????????????",
"v" => "??",
"y" => "ý??ÿ",
"z" => "?ž????",
"tm" => "™",
"at" => "@",
"ae" => "Ä?äæ?",
"ch" => "??",
"ij" => "??",
"j" => "????",
"ja" => "??",
"je" => "??",
"jo" => "??",
"ju" => "??",
"oe" => "œŒöÖ",
"sch" => "??",
"sh" => "??",
"ss" => "ß",
"tm" => "™",
"ue" => "Ü",
"zh" => "??"

Answer 10

我已经搜索过了，你的重音条纹想法非常棒并且具有成本效益，但是你的正则表达式做得错误并且错过了 2 个额外的参数。长话短说，正则表达式必须是：

\n\n

$patterns[0] = \'/[\xc3\xa1\xc3\xa2\xc3\xa0\xc3\xa5\xc3\xa4]/ui\';\n$patterns[1] = \'/[\xc3\xb0\xc3\xa9\xc3\xaa\xc3\xa8\xc3\xab]/ui\';\n$patterns[2] = \'/[\xc3\xad\xc3\xae\xc3\xac\xc3\xaf]/ui\';\n$patterns[3] = \'/[\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb4\xc3\xb2\xc3\xb8\xc3\xb5\xc3\xb6]/ui\';\n$patterns[4] = \'/[\xc3\xba\xc3\xbb\xc3\xb9\xc3\xbc]/ui\';\n$patterns[5] = \'/\xc3\xa6/ui\';\n$patterns[6] = \'/\xc3\xa7/ui\';\n$patterns[7] = \'/\xc3\x9f/ui\';\n$replacements[0] = \'a\';\n$replacements[1] = \'e\';\n$replacements[2] = \'i\';\n$replacements[3] = \'o\';\n$replacements[4] = \'u\';\n$replacements[5] = \'ae\';\n$replacements[6] = \'c\';\n$replacements[7] = \'ss\';\n

\n\n

正如您所看到的，非常相似，但最重要的是正则表达式第二个斜杠后面的参数。当正则表达式像这样/[someCoolRegex]/ui指定u它必须使用 unicode 并i指定不区分大小写时，我已经测试了自己的并且在这个论坛中的答案中我必须说比使用 strtr 更具成本效益。

\n\n

希望有人读到这个答案。

\n

Answer 11

免责声明:我不再支持这个答案了(当时我是个盲人).但感谢up-votes = P.

你可以把它作为基础.从WordPress,用于生成漂亮的URL(入口点是slugify()函数):

/**
 * Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
 *
 * If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned.
 *
 * @param string $string Text that might have accent characters
 * @return string Filtered string with replaced "nice" characters.
 */

function remove_accents($string) {
 if (!preg_match('/[\x80-\xff]/', $string))
  return $string;
 if (seems_utf8($string)) {
  $chars = array(
  // Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement
  chr(195).chr(128) => 'A', chr(195).chr(129) => 'A',
  chr(195).chr(130) => 'A', chr(195).chr(131) => 'A',
  chr(195).chr(132) => 'A', chr(195).chr(133) => 'A',
  chr(195).chr(135) => 'C', chr(195).chr(136) => 'E',
  chr(195).chr(137) => 'E', chr(195).chr(138) => 'E',
  chr(195).chr(139) => 'E', chr(195).chr(140) => 'I',
  chr(195).chr(141) => 'I', chr(195).chr(142) => 'I',
  chr(195).chr(143) => 'I', chr(195).chr(145) => 'N',
  chr(195).chr(146) => 'O', chr(195).chr(147) => 'O',
  chr(195).chr(148) => 'O', chr(195).chr(149) => 'O',
  chr(195).chr(150) => 'O', chr(195).chr(153) => 'U',
  chr(195).chr(154) => 'U', chr(195).chr(155) => 'U',
  chr(195).chr(156) => 'U', chr(195).chr(157) => 'Y',
  chr(195).chr(159) => 's', chr(195).chr(160) => 'a',
  chr(195).chr(161) => 'a', chr(195).chr(162) => 'a',
  chr(195).chr(163) => 'a', chr(195).chr(164) => 'a',
  chr(195).chr(165) => 'a', chr(195).chr(167) => 'c',
  chr(195).chr(168) => 'e', chr(195).chr(169) => 'e',
  chr(195).chr(170) => 'e', chr(195).chr(171) => 'e',
  chr(195).chr(172) => 'i', chr(195).chr(173) => 'i',
  chr(195).chr(174) => 'i', chr(195).chr(175) => 'i',
  chr(195).chr(177) => 'n', chr(195).chr(178) => 'o',
  chr(195).chr(179) => 'o', chr(195).chr(180) => 'o',
  chr(195).chr(181) => 'o', chr(195).chr(182) => 'o',
  chr(195).chr(182) => 'o', chr(195).chr(185) => 'u',
  chr(195).chr(186) => 'u', chr(195).chr(187) => 'u',
  chr(195).chr(188) => 'u', chr(195).chr(189) => 'y',
  chr(195).chr(191) => 'y',
  // Decompositions for Latin Extended-A
  chr(196).chr(128) => 'A', chr(196).chr(129) => 'a',
  chr(196).chr(130) => 'A', chr(196).chr(131) => 'a',
  chr(196).chr(132) => 'A', chr(196).chr(133) => 'a',
  chr(196).chr(134) => 'C', chr(196).chr(135) => 'c',
  chr(196).chr(136) => 'C', chr(196).chr(137) => 'c',
  chr(196).chr(138) => 'C', chr(196).chr(139) => 'c',
  chr(196).chr(140) => 'C', chr(196).chr(141) => 'c',
  chr(196).chr(142) => 'D', chr(196).chr(143) => 'd',
  chr(196).chr(144) => 'D', chr(196).chr(145) => 'd',
  chr(196).chr(146) => 'E', chr(196).chr(147) => 'e',
  chr(196).chr(148) => 'E', chr(196).chr(149) => 'e',
  chr(196).chr(150) => 'E', chr(196).chr(151) => 'e',
  chr(196).chr(152) => 'E', chr(196).chr(153) => 'e',
  chr(196).chr(154) => 'E', chr(196).chr(155) => 'e',
  chr(196).chr(156) => 'G', chr(196).chr(157) => 'g',
  chr(196).chr(158) => 'G', chr(196).chr(159) => 'g',
  chr(196).chr(160) => 'G', chr(196).chr(161) => 'g',
  chr(196).chr(162) => 'G', chr(196).chr(163) => 'g',
  chr(196).chr(164) => 'H', chr(196).chr(165) => 'h',
  chr(196).chr(166) => 'H', chr(196).chr(167) => 'h',
  chr(196).chr(168) => 'I', chr(196).chr(169) => 'i',
  chr(196).chr(170) => 'I', chr(196).chr(171) => 'i',
  chr(196).chr(172) => 'I', chr(196).chr(173) => 'i',
  chr(196).chr(174) => 'I', chr(196).chr(175) => 'i',
  chr(196).chr(176) => 'I', chr(196).chr(177) => 'i',
  chr(196).chr(178) => 'IJ',chr(196).chr(179) => 'ij',
  chr(196).chr(180) => 'J', chr(196).chr(181) => 'j',
  chr(196).chr(182) => 'K', chr(196).chr(183) => 'k',
  chr(196).chr(184) => 'k', chr(196).chr(185) => 'L',
  chr(196).chr(186) => 'l', chr(196).chr(187) => 'L',
  chr(196).chr(188) => 'l', chr(196).chr(189) => 'L',
  chr(196).chr(190) => 'l', chr(196).chr(191) => 'L',
  chr(197).chr(128) => 'l', chr(197).chr(129) => 'L',
  chr(197).chr(130) => 'l', chr(197).chr(131) => 'N',
  chr(197).chr(132) => 'n', chr(197).chr(133) => 'N',
  chr(197).chr(134) => 'n', chr(197).chr(135) => 'N',
  chr(197).chr(136) => 'n', chr(197).chr(137) => 'N',
  chr(197).chr(138) => 'n', chr(197).chr(139) => 'N',
  chr(197).chr(140) => 'O', chr(197).chr(141) => 'o',
  chr(197).chr(142) => 'O', chr(197).chr(143) => 'o',
  chr(197).chr(144) => 'O', chr(197).chr(145) => 'o',
  chr(197).chr(146) => 'OE',chr(197).chr(147) => 'oe',
  chr(197).chr(148) => 'R',chr(197).chr(149) => 'r',
  chr(197).chr(150) => 'R',chr(197).chr(151) => 'r',
  chr(197).chr(152) => 'R',chr(197).chr(153) => 'r',
  chr(197).chr(154) => 'S',chr(197).chr(155) => 's',
  chr(197).chr(156) => 'S',chr(197).chr(157) => 's',
  chr(197).chr(158) => 'S',chr(197).chr(159) => 's',
  chr(197).chr(160) => 'S', chr(197).chr(161) => 's',
  chr(197).chr(162) => 'T', chr(197).chr(163) => 't',
  chr(197).chr(164) => 'T', chr(197).chr(165) => 't',
  chr(197).chr(166) => 'T', chr(197).chr(167) => 't',
  chr(197).chr(168) => 'U', chr(197).chr(169) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(170) => 'U', chr(197).chr(171) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(172) => 'U', chr(197).chr(173) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(174) => 'U', chr(197).chr(175) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(176) => 'U', chr(197).chr(177) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(178) => 'U', chr(197).chr(179) => 'u',
  chr(197).chr(180) => 'W', chr(197).chr(181) => 'w',
  chr(197).chr(182) => 'Y', chr(197).chr(183) => 'y',
  chr(197).chr(184) => 'Y', chr(197).chr(185) => 'Z',
  chr(197).chr(186) => 'z', chr(197).chr(187) => 'Z',
  chr(197).chr(188) => 'z', chr(197).chr(189) => 'Z',
  chr(197).chr(190) => 'z', chr(197).chr(191) => 's',
  // Euro Sign
  chr(226).chr(130).chr(172) => 'E',
  // GBP (Pound) Sign
  chr(194).chr(163) => '');
  $string = strtr($string, $chars);
 } else {
  // Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8
  $chars['in'] = chr(128).chr(131).chr(138).chr(142).chr(154).chr(158)
   .chr(159).chr(162).chr(165).chr(181).chr(192).chr(193).chr(194)
   .chr(195).chr(196).chr(197).chr(199).chr(200).chr(201).chr(202)
   .chr(203).chr(204).chr(205).chr(206).chr(207).chr(209).chr(210)
   .chr(211).chr(212).chr(213).chr(214).chr(216).chr(217).chr(218)
   .chr(219).chr(220).chr(221).chr(224).chr(225).chr(226).chr(227)
   .chr(228).chr(229).chr(231).chr(232).chr(233).chr(234).chr(235)
   .chr(236).chr(237).chr(238).chr(239).chr(241).chr(242).chr(243)
   .chr(244).chr(245).chr(246).chr(248).chr(249).chr(250).chr(251)
   .chr(252).chr(253).chr(255);
  $chars['out'] = "EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy";
  $string = strtr($string, $chars['in'], $chars['out']);
  $double_chars['in'] = array(chr(140), chr(156), chr(198), chr(208), chr(222), chr(223), chr(230), chr(240), chr(254));
  $double_chars['out'] = array('OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th');
  $string = str_replace($double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $string);
 }
 return $string;
}

/**
 * Checks to see if a string is utf8 encoded.
 *
 * @author bmorel at ssi dot fr
 *
 * @param string $Str The string to be checked
 * @return bool True if $Str fits a UTF-8 model, false otherwise.
 */
function seems_utf8($Str) { # by bmorel at ssi dot fr
 $length = strlen($Str);
 for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
  if (ord($Str[$i]) < 0x80) continue; # 0bbbbbbb
  elseif ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xE0) == 0xC0) $n = 1; # 110bbbbb
  elseif ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xF0) == 0xE0) $n = 2; # 1110bbbb
  elseif ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xF8) == 0xF0) $n = 3; # 11110bbb
  elseif ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xFC) == 0xF8) $n = 4; # 111110bb
  elseif ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xFE) == 0xFC) $n = 5; # 1111110b
  else return false; # Does not match any model
  for ($j = 0; $j < $n; $j++) { # n bytes matching 10bbbbbb follow ?
   if ((++$i == $length) || ((ord($Str[$i]) & 0xC0) != 0x80))
   return false;
  }
 }
 return true;
}

function utf8_uri_encode($utf8_string, $length = 0) {
 $unicode = '';
 $values = array();
 $num_octets = 1;
 $unicode_length = 0;
 $string_length = strlen($utf8_string);
 for ($i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++) {
  $value = ord($utf8_string[$i]);
  if ($value < 128) {
   if ($length && ($unicode_length >= $length))
    break;
   $unicode .= chr($value);
   $unicode_length++;
  } else {
   if (count($values) == 0) $num_octets = ($value < 224) ? 2 : 3;
   $values[] = $value;
   if ($length && ($unicode_length + ($num_octets * 3)) > $length)
    break;
   if (count( $values ) == $num_octets) {
    if ($num_octets == 3) {
     $unicode .= '%' . dechex($values[0]) . '%' . dechex($values[1]) . '%' . dechex($values[2]);
     $unicode_length += 9;
    } else {
     $unicode .= '%' . dechex($values[0]) . '%' . dechex($values[1]);
     $unicode_length += 6;
    }
    $values = array();
    $num_octets = 1;
   }
  }
 }
 return $unicode;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes title, replacing whitespace with dashes.
 *
 * Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
 * Whitespace becomes a dash.
 *
 * @param string $title The title to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized title.
 */
function slugify($title) {
 $title = strip_tags($title);
 // Preserve escaped octets.
 $title = preg_replace('|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title);
 // Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
 $title = str_replace('%', '', $title);
 // Restore octets.
 $title = preg_replace('|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title);
 $title = remove_accents($title);
 if (seems_utf8($title)) {
  if (function_exists('mb_strtolower')) {
   $title = mb_strtolower($title, 'UTF-8');
  }
  $title = utf8_uri_encode($title, 200);
 }
 $title = strtolower($title);
 $title = preg_replace('/&.+?;/', '', $title); // kill entities
 $title = preg_replace('/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title);
 $title = preg_replace('/\s+/', '-', $title);
 $title = preg_replace('|-+|', '-', $title);
 $title = trim($title, '-');
 return $title;
}

Answer 12

如果您有http://php.net/manual/en/book.intl.php可用，这将解决您的问题：

$string = "Éric Cantona";
$transliterator = Transliterator::createFromRules(':: NFD; :: [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; :: Lower(); :: NFC;', Transliterator::FORWARD);
echo $normalized = $transliterator->transliterate($string);

编辑

要在ubuntu中安装php扩展名：

apt-get install php-intl

在作曲家中，请不要忘记要求扩展ext-intl以确保其正确适合已部署的系统。