Python - ValueError：未知区域设置：UTF-8

Question

我运行包含 Pandas（导致问题的那个）库的 python 脚本我收到了这个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 2, in <module>
    import pandas
ImportError: No module named pandas

但是，如果我从包路径导入以确保它检测到 Pandas 库，则会收到此错误消息

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 3, in <module>
    import pandas
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/__init__.py", line 44, in <module>
    from pandas.core.api import *
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/core/api.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pandas.core.groupby import Grouper
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/core/groupby.py", line 16, in <module>
    from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 41, in <module>
    from pandas.core.series import Series
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/core/series.py", line 2864, in <module>
    import pandas.tools.plotting as _gfx
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/tools/plotting.py", line 28, in <module>
    import pandas.tseries.converter as conv
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/tseries/converter.py", line 7, in <module>
    import matplotlib.units as units
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 1131, in <module>
    rcParams = rc_params()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 975, in rc_params
    return rc_params_from_file(fname, fail_on_error)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 1100, in rc_params_from_file
    config_from_file = _rc_params_in_file(fname, fail_on_error)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 1018, in _rc_params_in_file
    with _open_file_or_url(fname) as fd:
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 17, in __enter__
    return self.gen.next()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 1000, in _open_file_or_url
    encoding = locale.getdefaultlocale()[1]
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/locale.py", line 543, in getdefaultlocale
    return _parse_localename(localename)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/locale.py", line 475, in _parse_localename
    raise ValueError, 'unknown locale: %s' % localename
ValueError: unknown locale: UTF-8

我已经用这些行更新了我的.bash_profile和.bashrc，但即使我已经重新启动了终端和我的机器，仍然无法工作。

export LANG="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_COLLATE="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_CTYPE="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_MESSAGES="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_MONETARY="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_NUMERIC="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_TIME="it_IT.UTF-8"  
export LC_ALL="it_IT.UTF-8"

我也在Set locale environment variables on startup终端首选项中启用。

恐怕问题是因为 El Capitan 引起的。

Answer 1

编辑：Pandas 及其依赖项具有在非 C 语言环境中发现并在最新版本中修复的本地化错误。

当我通过sudo pip install pandas设置为 it_IT.UTF-8 的终端将最新版本的 Pandas 下载到 OS X Yosemite 计算机上，然后将其导入到新的 Python 会话中时，我无法重现此问题。

我现在最好的猜测 - 我要强调这只是一个猜测 - 是该文件夹中的 Pandas 版本早于这些修复并且在 it_IT.UTF-8 中被破坏。（总的来说，我确实认为这比 El Capitan 特有的问题更有可能。）

您的 LC_ALL= 未设置。这似乎不寻常；基于这里的其他答案，我认为您应该尝试将其设置为 LC_ALL="it_IT.UTF-8" 并删除其他 LC_ 设置。

然后保存您的 .bash_profile，打开一个新的终端选项卡，然后重试。