在Swift中,如何根据另一个数组对一个数组进行排序？

Question

在Swift中,假设我有两个数组:

var array1: [Double] = [1.2, 2.4, 20.0, 10.9, 1.5]
var array2: [Int] = [1, 0, 2, 0, 3]

现在,我想按升序对array1进行排序,并相应地重新索引array2以便得到

array1 = [1.2, 1.5, 2.4, 10.9, 20.4]
array2 = [1, 3, 0, 0, 2]

有没有一种简单的方法来使用Swift函数或语法？

我知道我可以构建一个功能来跟踪索引,但我很好奇是否有更优雅的解决方案.

Answer 1

let array1: [Double] = [1.2, 2.4, 20.0, 10.9, 1.5]
let array2: [Int] = [1, 0, 2, 0, 3]

// use zip to combine the two arrays and sort that based on the first    
let combined = zip(array1, array2).sorted {$0.0 < $1.0}
print(combined) // "[(1.2, 1), (1.5, 3), (2.4, 0), (10.9, 0), (20.0, 2)]"

// use map to extract the individual arrays    
let sorted1 = combined.map {$0.0}
let sorted2 = combined.map {$0.1}

print(sorted1)  // "[1.2, 1.5, 2.4, 10.9, 20.0]"
print(sorted2)  // "[1, 3, 0, 0, 2]"

将两个以上的阵列排序在一起

如果您有3个或更多阵列要一起排序,您可以使用sort其中一个数组及其offsets,用于map提取offsets,然后用于map对其他数组进行排序:

let english = ["three", "five", "four", "one", "two"]
let ints = [3, 5, 4, 1, 2]
let doubles = [3.0, 5.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0]
let roman = ["III", "V", "IV", "I", "II"]

// Sort english array in alphabetical order along with its offsets
// and then extract the offsets using map
let offsets = english.enumerated().sorted { $0.element < $1.element }.map { $0.offset }

// Use map on the array of ordered offsets to order the other arrays
let sorted_english = offsets.map { english[$0] }
let sorted_ints = offsets.map { ints[$0] }
let sorted_doubles = offsets.map { doubles[$0] }
let sorted_roman = offsets.map { roman[$0] }

print(sorted_english)
print(sorted_ints)
print(sorted_doubles)
print(sorted_roman)

输出:

["five", "four", "one", "three", "two"]
[5, 4, 1, 3, 2]
[5.0, 4.0, 1.0, 3.0, 2.0]
["V", "IV", "I", "III", "II"]

Answer 2

您可以通过映射索引来"链接"每个数组的项目以创建元组数组,然后在提取原始数组之前根据第一个数组的值对元组进行排序.

assert(array1.count == array2.count, "The following technique will only work if the arrays are the same length.")
let count = array1.count

// Create the array of tuples and sort according to the
// first tuple value (i.e. the first array)
let sortedTuples = (0..<count).map { (array1[$0], array2[$0]) }.sort { $0.0 < $1.0 }

// Map over the sorted tuples array to separate out the
// original (now sorted) arrays.
let sortedArray1 = sortedTuples.map { $0.0 }
let sortedArray2 = sortedTuples.map { $0.1 }

Answer 3

雨燕4

这部分翻译自@vacawama对 Swift 4 语法的回答

let array1: [Double] = [1.2, 2.4, 20.0, 10.9, 1.5]
let array2: [Int] = [1, 0, 2, 0, 3]

// use zip to combine the two arrays and sort that based on the first    
let combined = zip(array1, array2).sorted(by: {$0.0 < $1.0})
print(combined) // "[(1.2, 1), (1.5, 3), (2.4, 0), (10.9, 0), (20.0, 2)]"

// use map to extract the individual arrays    
let sorted1 = combined.map {$0.0}
let sorted2 = combined.map {$0.1}

print(sorted1)  // "[1.2, 1.5, 2.4, 10.9, 20.0]"
print(sorted2)  // "[1, 3, 0, 0, 2]"

上述逻辑可以扩展到三个或更多数组：

（慢的）

let array1: [Double] = [1.2, 2.4, 20.0, 10.9, 1.5]
let array2: [Int] = [1, 0, 2, 0, 3]
let array3: [Float] = [3.3, 1.1, 2.5, 5.1, 9.0]

// use zip to combine each (first, n.th) array pair and sort that based on the first    
let combined12 = zip(array1, array2).sorted(by: {$0.0 < $1.0})
let combined13 = zip(array1, array3).sorted(by: {$0.0 < $1.0})

// use map to extract the individual arrays    
let sorted1 = combined12.map {$0.0}
let sorted2 = combined12.map {$0.1}
let sorted3 = combined13.map {$0.1}

正如@Duncan C指出的，这种方法效率不是很高，因为第一个数组是重复排序的。应该改用@vacawama 的方法，在 Swift 4 语法中是：

（快速地）

let offsets = array1.enumerated()sorted(by: {$0.element < $1.element}).map {$0.offset}
let sorted1 = offsets.map {array1[$0]}
let sorted2 = offsets.map {array2[$0]}
let sorted3 = offsets.map {array3[$0]}