android Marshmallow应用程序中位置的权限问题

Question

我正在学习开发一个Android应用程序,以便在Google开发者论坛之后获取设备位置:@ http://developer.android.com/training/location/retrieve-current.html#last-known @ http://developer.android. COM /培训/位置/接收位置updates.html

该示例显示了如何将Google PLay服务用于此目的.但该getLastLocation()函数始终返回null.

位置location = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);

最初位置可能为null,我添加了以下行以接收定期位置更新

LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient,mLocationRequest,this);

使用以下消息抛出异常

客户端必须具有ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION或ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION权限才能执行任何位置操作

我已经在清单文件中添加了权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

我已经打开Goog​​le地图以更新Google Play服务中的当前位置,但同样的问题仍然存在.我是Android开发的新手,在发布这个问题之前我已经搜索了很多但没有找到适合我的任何解决方案.我在Android Marshmallow设备上测试它,开发使用Android Studio 1.3.2

AndroidManifest.xml中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="newray.acpsa1">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
            android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.maps.v2.API_KEY"
            android:value="@string/google_maps_key" />

        <activity
            android:name=".MapsActivity"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_maps">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>

</manifest>

onCreate函数在Activity中

 @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
        mLocationRequest = LocationRequest.create()
                .setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY)
                .setInterval(10 * 1000)        
                .setFastestInterval(1 * 1000); 
        /* Rest functionality */
    }

onConnected功能

@Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        try{
        Location location = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);
        LatLng loc = new LatLng(21.356993, 72.826647);
        if (location == null) {
            Log.d(TAG,"location is again null");
            LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient, mLocationRequest, this);
            Log.d(TAG, "Requested for updates");
        }
        else {
            loc = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(),location.getLongitude());
            handleNewLocation(location);
        }            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Error in onConnected.  "+e.getMessage());

        }
    }

日志:

XXXX: Error in onConnected.  Client must have ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION or ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission to perform any location operations.

build.gradle文件中的依赖项:

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.0'
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.1.0'
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:8.1.0'
}

Answer 1

针对您的问题的直接解决方案/示例:

package com.my.packagename;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_LOCATION = 1;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    if (checkPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,getApplicationContext(),CopyOfMap.this)) {
        fetchLocationData();
    }
    else
    {
        requestPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_LOCATION,getApplicationContext(),CopyOfMap.this);
    }
}

public static void requestPermission(String strPermission,int perCode,Context _c,Activity _a){

    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(_a,strPermission)){
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"GPS permission allows us to access location data. Please allow in App Settings for additional functionality.",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            } else {

                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(_a,new String[]{strPermission},perCode);
            }
    }

public static boolean checkPermission(String strPermission,Context _c,Activity _a){
        int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(_c, strPermission);
        if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){

            return true;

        } else {

            return false;

        }
    }

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {

        case PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_LOCATION:
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                fetchLocationData();

            } else {

                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Permission Denied, You cannot access location data.",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            }
            break;

    }
}


    private void fetchLocationData()
    {
    //code to use the granted permission (location)
    }
}

在这里,我将requestPermission()和checkPermission()方法设置为公共静态,因为我可以将它们重用于其他权限请求,如电话呼叫,写入存储等.希望这对一些人有所帮助.:-)

Answer 2

在Marshmallow中,android SDK中有很多新东西.询问权限是每个开发人员应该记住的新更新之一.类似的事情发生在你身上.如果您的应用程序目标版本为23,则您可能必须在开始使用之前从用户获取授权.只有在用户允许访问时才能使用它.因此,开发人员需要在将用户的权限引入应用程序的同时注意所有测试用例.

例如,您的应用程序需要访问位置.在安装时的早期版本的android中,它显示了权限对话框,并且它们被清单文件中的已定义权限授予应用程序.这件事变成了棉花糖.现在每个应用程序都必须获得用户的许可才能访问它.

查看开发人员站点,了解如何引导用户进入应用程序以询问应用程序的基本步骤runtime permission.

有很多网站显示了关于如何在Marshmallow中获得许可的基本教程.很少有人可以建议如下

使用运行时权限构建更好的应用

权限设计指南

此链接指导您在询问权限之前如何引导用户进入应用程序的基本信息.

谢谢.