链接时找不到C++库,错误编译`boost :: program_options`示例

Question

我正在尝试编译multiple_sources.cpp以在我的计算机上编译.我正在运行Xubuntu Lucid Lynx全面更新.

它将编译没有问题,g++ -c multiple_sources.cpp但当我尝试链接并使g++ multiple_sources.o我得到一个exectuable 得到:

multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x3d): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description::m_default_line_length'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x87): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description::options_description(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, unsigned int)'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x15a): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description::add_options()'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x17b): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description_easy_init::operator()(char const*, char const*)'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x193): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description_easy_init::operator()(char const*, char const*)'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x1af): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description_easy_init::operator()(char const*, boost::program_options::value_semantic const*, char const*)'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x1eb): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description::m_default_line_length'
multiple_sources.cpp:(.text+0x252): undefined reference to `boost::program_options::options_description::options_description(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, unsigned int)'
...

et cetera ad nauseum.

我确实安装了库:

>ls -l /usr/lib/libboost_program_options*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 640800 2010-03-31 21:19 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     26 2010-04-09 00:57 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options-mt.a     -> libboost_program_options.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     34 2010-04-09 00:57 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options-mt.so -> libboost_program_options.so.1.40.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     34 2010-04-09 00:57 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options.so -> libboost_program_options.so.1.40.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 289336 2010-03-31 21:19 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options.so.1.40.0

在阅读g ++手册页后,我也尝试过:

• g++ -llibboost_program_options multiple_sources.cpp
• g++ -llibboost_program_options.a multiple_sources.cpp
• g++ -llibboost_program_options.so multiple_sources.cpp
• 和-L/usr/lib 之前的所有这些-l

他们都失败了变化:

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibboost_program_options.so
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

这个-l参数是错误的; 摆脱lib预先修复和使用-lboost_program_options.

链接器期望所有库开头lib,并且在指定库时让您关闭它.

你也可以在文件列表中包含库的完整路径,没有-l(例如g++ multiple_sources.cpp /usr/lib/libboost_program_options.so),但对于系统库,最好遵循约定; 他们并不总是安装在/usr/lib.