JSData中的多对多关系支持

Question

有没有办法在JSData中定义多对多关系？

例如,我有这3个表:

实体entityFile文件

在"实体"上,我希望有一个名为"files"的关系,它通过entityFile连接.

Answer 1

好问题.典型的多对多关系只是两个一对多的关系:

任何实现中更重要的细节之一是:关系信息存储在哪里？这个问题的答案决定了如何访问实体的关系.我们来探索一些选择.

前提:

A 有很多 B

B 有很多 A

选项1

关系信息存储在实例上A.

在这种情况下,一旦有了实例,A就可以找到其关联的实例B,因为B存储了关联实例 的ID A.这也意味着,如果你只有一个实例B,只有这样,才能找到所有的实例A,该B实例涉及到将搜索所有的实例A为那些b_ids字段包含 id的的B实例.

一个例子

var Player = store.defineResource({
  name: 'player',
  relations: {
    hasMany: {
      team: {
        // JSData will setup a "teams" property accessor on
        // instances of player which searches the store for
        // that player's teams
        localField: 'teams',
        localKeys: 'team_ids'
      }
    }
  }
})

var Team = store.defineResource({
  name: 'team',
  relations: {
    hasMany: {
      player: {
        localField: 'players',
        // Since relationship information is stored
        // on the player, in order to retrieve a
        // team's players we have to do a O(n^2)
        // search through all the player instances
        foreignKeys: 'team_ids'
      }
    }
  }
})

现在让我们看看它的实际效果:

var player = Player.inject({
  id: 1,
  team_ids: [3, 4]
})

// The player's teams aren't in the store yet
player.teams // [ ]

var player2 = Player.inject({
  id: 2,
  team_ids: [4, 5],
  teams: [
    {
      id: 4
    },
    {
      id: 5
    }
  ]
})

// See the property accessor in action
player2.teams // [{ id: 4 }, { id: 5 }]

// One of player one's teams is in the store now
player.teams // [{ id: 4 }]

// Access the relation from the reverse direction
var team4 = Team.get(4) // { id: 4 }

// The property accessor makes a O(n^2) search of the store because
// the relationship information isn't stored on the team
team4.players // [{ id: 1, team_ids: [3, 4] }, { id: 2, team_ids: [4, 5] }]

让我们从持久层加载一个关系:

// To get an authoritative list of player one's 
// teams we ask our persistence layer.
// Using the HTTP adapter, this might make a request like this:
// GET /team?where={"id":{"in":[3,4]}} (this would be url encoded)
//
// This method call makes this call internally:
// Team.findAll({ where: { id: { 'in': player.team_ids } } })
player.DSLoadRelations(['team']).then(function (player) {

  // The adapter responded with an array of teams, which
  // got injected into the datastore.

  // The property accessor picks up the newly injected team3
  player.teams // [{ id: 3 }, { id: 4 }]

  var team3 = Team.get(3)

  // Retrieve all of team3's players.
  // Using the HTTP adapter, this might make a request like this:
  // // GET /player?where={"team_ids":{"contains":3}} (this would be url encoded)
  //
  // This method call makes this call internally:
  // Player.findAll({ where: { team_ids: { 'contains': team3.id } } })
  return team3.DSLoadRelations(['player'])
})

如果您正在使用HTTP适配器,则由服务器来解析查询字符串并使用正确的数据进行响应.如果您正在使用任何一个其他适配器,那么适配器已经知道如何返回正确的数据.在前端和后端使用JSData 只会让这太容易了.

选项2

关系信息存储在实例上B.

这只是选项1的反转.

选项3

" AhasMany B"关系信息存储在实例上A," BhasMany A"关系信息存储在实例上B.

这只是选项1,但它现在可以在两个方向上工作.

这种方法的一个优点是您可以从两个方向访问关系,而无需使用该foreignKeys选项.这种方法的缺点是当关系改变时必须修改多个地方的数据.

选项4

关系信息存储在数据透视(联结)表中.

AhasMany C和CbelongsTo A,存储实际关系信息C.

BhasMany C和CbelongsTo B,存储实际关系信息C.

一个例子:

var Player = store.defineResource({
  name: 'player',
  relations: {
    hasMany: {
      membership: {
        localField: 'memberships',
        // relationship information is stored on the membership
        foreignKey: 'player_id'
      }
    }
  }
})

var Team = store.defineResource({
  name: 'team',
  relations: {
    hasMany: {
      membership: {
        localField: 'memberships',
        // relationship information is stored on the membership
        foreignKey: 'team_id'
      }
    }
  }
})

和枢轴资源:

var Membership = store.defineResource({
  name: 'membership',
  relations: {
    belongsTo: {
      player: {
        localField: 'player',
        // relationship information is stored on the membership
        localKey: 'player_id'
      },
      team: {
        localField: 'team',
        // relationship information is stored on the membership
        localKey: 'team_id'
      }
    }
  }
})

现在让我们看看它的实际效果:

var player = Player.inject({ id: 1 })
var player2 = Player.inject({ id: 2 })
var team3 = Team.inject({ id: 3 })
var team4 = Team.inject({ id: 4 })
var team4 = Team.inject({ id: 5 })

player.memberships // [ ]
player2.memberships // [ ]
team3.memberships // [ ]
team4.memberships // [ ]
team5.memberships // [ ]

请注意,此时我们还无法访问任何关系

// The relationships stored in our pivot table
var memberships = Membership.inject([
  {
    id: 997,
    player_id: 1,
    // player one is on team three
    team_id: 3
  },
  {
    id: 998,
    player_id: 1,
    // player one is also on team four
    team_id: 4
  },
  {
    id: 999,
    player_id: 2,
    // team four also has player 2
    team_id: 4
  },
  {
    id: 1000,
    player_id: 2,
    // player 2 is also on team 5
    team_id: 5
  }
])

现在我们有会员信息

player.memberships // [{ id: 997, ... }, { id: 998, ... }]
player2.memberships // [{ id: 998, ... }, { id: 999, ... }]
team3.memberships // [{ id: 997, ... }]
team4.memberships // [{ id: 998, ... }, { id: 999, ... }]
team5.memberships // [{ id: 1000, ... }]

现在,将您的数据透视表数据发送到您的前端并要求您的JavaScript对关系进行排序有点笨拙.为此你需要一些辅助方法:

var Player = store.defineResource({
  name: 'player',
  relations: {...},
  computed: {
    teams: {
      get: function () {
        return store.filter('membership', {
          player_id: this.id
        }).map(function (membership) {
          return store.get('team', membership.team_id)
        })
      }
    }
  },
  // Instance methods
  methods: {
    getTeams: function () {
      return Player.getTeams(this.id)
    }
  }
  // Static Class Methods
  getTeams: function (id) {
    return this.loadRelations(id, ['membership']).then(function (memberships) {
      return store.findAll('team', {
        where: {
          id: {
            'in': memberships.map(function (membership) {
              return membership.team_id
            })
          }
        }
      })
    })
  }
})

我会让你弄清楚Team资源的类似方法.

如果你不想去的辅助方法麻烦,那么你可能只需要实现它们的后端,让您的数据透视表看不见的前端,使您的许多一对多的关系看起来更像选项1,2或3.

有用的链接

• JSData文档
• 关于多对多的文章
• 简单的plunker演示选项4