Git错误,需要删除大文件

Question

当我尝试推送到git并且我不知道如何解决它时,我收到此错误.

Counting objects: 1239, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (1062/1062), done.
Writing objects: 100% (1239/1239), 26.49 MiB | 679.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 1239 (delta 128), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: warning: File log/development.log is 98.59 MB; this is larger than GitHub's recommended maximum file size of 50.00 MB
remote: error: GH001: Large files detected. You may want to try Git Large File Storage - https://git-lfs.github.com.
remote: error: Trace: efd2d13efa4a231e3216dad097ec25d6
remote: error: See http://git.io/iEPt8g for more information.
remote: error: File log/development.log is 108.86 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB
remote: error: File log/development.log is 108.74 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB
remote: error: File log/development.log is 108.56 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB
remote: error: File log/development.log is 106.58 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB
remote: error: File log/development.log is 103.70 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB
To git@github.com:myUsername/myRepo.git
! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to 'git@github.com:myUsername/myRepo.git'

我猜我需要从提交中删除大文件,但我该怎么做？

Answer 1

git reset --soft HEAD~1

然后从提交中排除该文件。

注意：使用 HEAD~N 返回到之前的 N 次提交。

使用此功能，返回提交，如果可以看到大文件，则从提交中删除它，然后重新提交并推送。

这应该可以解决问题

Answer 2

要改进上述答复之一，您需要

git filter-branch -f --tree-filter 'rm -f /path/to/file' HEAD --all

为了甚至从历史记录中删除您的文件。您需要-f强制重写任何备份并--all从所有分支中删除文件。更多信息在这里：Git docs

将大文件错误从 git 缓存中删除并不会消失，因为它仍然潜伏在提交历史记录中。

Answer 3

我已经删除了该文件，认为这会有所帮助。在分支上运行这个命令对我有用。

git filter-branch -f --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch path/to/file'

Answer 4

要删除大文件,GitHub 建议:

$ git rm --cached giant_file
# Stage our giant file for removal, but leave it on disk

git commit --amend -CHEAD
# Amend the previous commit with your change
# Simply making a new commit won't work, as you need
# to remove the file from the unpushed history as well

git push
# Push our rewritten, smaller commit

或者,如果您想了解有关如何在GitHub上处理大文件的更多常规信息.

下次加入/log你的.gitignore

Answer 5

截至 2022 年 10 月，git 指示用户使用“git filter-repo”，因为：

WARNING: git-filter-branch has a glut of gotchas generating mangled history
         rewrites.  Hit Ctrl-C before proceeding to abort, then use an 
alternative filtering tool such as 'git filter-repo'
         (https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/) instead.  See the
         filter-branch manual page for more details; to squelch this warning,
         set FILTER_BRANCH_SQUELCH_WARNING=1.

如果（由于某种原因）git-filter-repo（ https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/ ）的文档不完全清楚，那么以下内容肯定会让你走上正轨（它对我来说是这样） ，因为我显然有点迟钝）：

https://superuser.com/a/1589985/1054410

git-filter-repo 文档中的以下示例展示了如何在以下内容之间进行转换：

git filter-branch -f --tree-filter 'rm -f /path/to/file' HEAD --all

到

git filter-repo --invert-paths --path /path/to/file

https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/blob/main/Documentation/converting-from-filter-branch.md#cheat-sheet-conversion-of-examples-from-the-filter-branch-联机帮助页

最后，您可能需要在语句末尾添加“--force”，因为 git filter-repo 需要“新鲜克隆”。

Aborting: Refusing to destructively overwrite repo history since      
this does not look like a fresh clone.
  (expected freshly packed repo)
Please operate on a fresh clone instead.  If you want to proceed      
anyway, use --force.

Answer 6

我最近遇到了同样的问题，您实际上可以只过滤特定文件的分支并将其删除-

git filter-branch --tree-filter 'rm -rf path/to/your/file' HEAD

Answer 7

您可以在提交之前恢复 git add 。

检查这个问题：How to undo 'git add' before commit? 它应该有效。并且不要将大文件发送到 git，这是不值得的；）

另外，通过在日志路径上添加 gitignore 来排除日志。