如何使用Selenium WD为不同的浏览器类型打开隐身/私人窗口？

Question

我想在私人窗口或隐身窗口中测试我的测试用例.

如何在各种浏览器中做同样的事情:

• firefox(首选)
• 铬(首选)
• IE
• 苹果浏览器
• 歌剧

怎么实现呢？

Answer 1

• 铬:

  DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
  ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
  options.addArguments("incognito");
  capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
  

• 火狐:

  FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();    
  firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.privatebrowsing.autostart", true);
  

• IE浏览器:

  DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
  capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.FORCE_CREATE_PROCESS, true); 
  capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_SWITCHES, "-private");
  

• 歌剧:

  DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.operaBlink();
  OperaOptions options = new OperaOptions();
  options.addArguments("private");
  capabilities.setCapability(OperaOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
  

Answer 2

在chrome中你可以尝试-incognito在选项中使用命令行开关,不确定自动化扩展是否会出现问题,但值得一试.

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("incognito");

对于FireFox,配置文件中的特殊标志可用于此目的

FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();    
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.private.browsing.autostart",true);

对于IE

setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_SWITCHES, "-private");

Answer 3

在页面上找到主体元素，然后为您想要的浏览器触发一个关键和弦。在下面的示例中，我尝试将浏览器抽象为一个枚举，该枚举概述了newTab、newWindow和newIncognitoWindow的行为。我制作内容 FF、IE、Chrome、Safari 和 Opera；然而，由于我缺乏知识，它们可能无法完全实施。

  /**
     * Enumeration quantifying some common keystrokes for Browser Interactions.
     * 
     * @see "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33224070/how-to-open-incognito-private-window-through-selenium-java"
     * @author http://stackoverflow.com/users/5407189/jeremiah
     * @since Oct 19, 2015
     *
     */
    public static enum KeystrokeSupport {
        CHROME,
        FIREFOX {
            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewIncognitoWindowCommand() {
                return Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.SHIFT, "p");
            }
        },
        IE {
            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewIncognitoWindowCommand() {
                return Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.SHIFT, "p");
            }
        },
        SAFARI {
            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewTabCommand() {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Author does not know this keystroke");
            }

            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewWindowCommand() {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Author does not know this keystroke");
            }

            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewIncognitoWindowCommand() {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Author does not know this keystroke");
            }
        },
        OPERA {
            @Override
            protected CharSequence getNewIncognitoWindowCommand() {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Author does not know this keystroke");
            }
        };

        public final void newTab(WebDriver driver) {
            WebElement target = getKeystrokeTarget(driver);
            target.sendKeys(getNewTabCommand());
        }

        public final void newWindow(WebDriver driver) {
            WebElement target = getKeystrokeTarget(driver);
            target.sendKeys(getNewWindowCommand());
        }

        public final void newIncognitoWindow(WebDriver driver) {
            WebElement target = getKeystrokeTarget(driver);
            target.sendKeys(getNewIncognitoWindowCommand());
        }

        protected CharSequence getNewTabCommand() {
            return Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "t");
        }

        protected CharSequence getNewWindowCommand() {
            return Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, "n");
        }

        protected CharSequence getNewIncognitoWindowCommand() {
            return Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.SHIFT, "t");
        }

        protected final WebElement getKeystrokeTarget(WebDriver driver) {
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
            return wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("body")));
        }

    }

这样，我们就可以提供参数化测试，该测试将运行每个配置并执行视觉验证的行为。您可能想将任何您想要的断言添加到测试中。

package stackoverflow.proof.selenium;

import java.util.Collection;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;


import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;



/**
 * Test to try out some various browser keystrokes and try to get the environment to do what we want.
 * 
 * @see "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33224070/how-to-open-incognito-private-window-through-selenium-java"
 * @author http://stackoverflow.com/users/5407189/jeremiah
 * @since Oct 19, 2015
 *
 */
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class KeyStrokeTests {


    @Parameters(name="{0}")
    public static Collection<Object[]> buildTestParams() {
        Collection<Object[]> params = Lists.newArrayList();
        Supplier<WebDriver> ffS = new Supplier<WebDriver>() {
            public WebDriver get() {
                return new FirefoxDriver();
            }
        };
        params.add(new Object[]{KeystrokeSupport.FIREFOX, ffS});

      /* I'm not currently using these browsers, but this should work with minimal effort.
        Supplier<WebDriver> chrome = new Supplier<WebDriver>() {
            public WebDriver get() {
                return new ChromeDriver();
            }
        };
        Supplier<WebDriver> ie = new Supplier<WebDriver>() {
            public WebDriver get() {
                return new InternetExplorerDriver();
            }
        };
        Supplier<WebDriver> safari = new Supplier<WebDriver>() {
            public WebDriver get() {
                return new SafariDriver();
            }
        };
        Supplier<WebDriver> opera = new Supplier<WebDriver>() {
            public WebDriver get() {
                return new OperaDriver();
            }
        };

        params.add(new Object[]{KeystrokeSupport.CHROME, chrome});
        params.add(new Object[]{KeystrokeSupport.IE, ie});
        params.add(new Object[]{KeystrokeSupport.SAFARI, safari});
        params.add(new Object[]{KeystrokeSupport.OPERA, opera});
        */
        return params;
    }
    Supplier<WebDriver> supplier;
    WebDriver driver;
    KeystrokeSupport support;

    public KeyStrokeTests(KeystrokeSupport support,Supplier<WebDriver> supplier) {
        this.supplier = supplier;
        this.support = support;
    }

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        driver = supplier.get();
        driver.get("http://google.com");
    }

    @Test
    public void testNewTab() {
        support.newTab(driver);
    }
    @Test
    public void testNewIncognitoWindow() {
        support.newIncognitoWindow(driver);
    }

    @Test
    public void testNewWindow() {
        support.newWindow(driver);
    }

    @After
    public void lookAtMe() throws Exception{
        Thread.sleep(5000);    
          for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
            driver.switchTo().window(handle);
            driver.close();
        }
    }
  }

祝你好运。