使用Java与MySQL服务器的SSL连接

Question

我正在尝试使用Java over SSL连接到MySQL服务器.我收到以下异常:

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLNonTransientConnectionException: Cannot connect to MySQL server on www.mysite.com:3306.

Make sure that there is a MySQL server running on the machine/port you are trying to connect to and that the machine this software is running on is able to connect to this host/port (i.e. not firewalled). Also make sure that the server has not been started with the --skip-networking flag.

at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:407)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:382)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1013)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:987)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:982)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:927)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:827)
at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:407)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:378)
at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:305)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: The method shutdownInput() is not supported in SSLSocket
at sun.security.ssl.BaseSSLSocketImpl.shutdownInput(Unknown Source)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.forceClose(MysqlIO.java:506)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2404)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2163)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:794)
... 25 more

这是我的代码:

properties = new Properties();
properties.put("user", "myuser");
properties.put("password", "mypassword");
properties.put("useSSL", "true");
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStore", "keystore.jks");
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword", "keystorepass");
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "truststore.jks");
System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword", "truststorepass");
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://www.mysite.com:3306/mydatabase", properties);

细节

密钥库和信任库创建

我生成了密钥库和信任库,如下所示:

openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey client-key.pem -in client-cert.pem > keystore.p12
keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore keystore.p12 -srcstoretype pkcs12 -destkeystore keystore.jks -deststoretype JKS

openssl x509 -outform der -in ca.pem -out ca.der
keytool -import -file ca.der -alias myCA -keystore truststore.jks

原始证书

这是我的证书清单:

• ca.pem
• 客户key.pem
• 客户cert.pem
• 服务器key.pem
• 服务器cert.pem

无SSL连接

以下代码工作正常,只是为了演示我可以用Java连接到MySQL服务器:

properties = new Properties();
properties.put("user", "myuser");
properties.put("password", "mypassword");
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://www.mysite.com:3306/mydatabase", properties);

在命令行上使用MySQL时,SSL上的连接有效

我使用以下命令启动MySQL服务器:

mysqld --ssl-ca=ca.pem --ssl-cert=server-cert.pem --ssl-key=server-key.pem

然后我使用MySQL命令连接到它:

mysql --host=www.mysite.com --user=myuser --password=mypassword --database=mydatabase --ssl-ca=ca.pem --ssl-cert=client-cert.pem --ssl-key=client-key.pem

这有效,查询后SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Ssl_cipher'我得到了正确的结果:

+---------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value              |
+---------------+--------------------+
| Ssl_cipher    | DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA |
+---------------+--------------------+

Answer 1

如果您遇到此问题，至少请确保您的 CA 证书已导入到 JRE 的密钥库中！

keytool -import -noprompt -trustcacerts -alias <uniqueCAAlias> -file ca.pem -keystore <pathtocacerts>

（您可能需要将“ca.pem”文件的名称更改为您自己的CA证书文件名）

请记住保持 <uniqueCAAlias> 的独特性。另外，更改 <pathtocacerts> 使其与 JVM 的路径匹配。请注意，这很可能是最高版本的 JRE，但也可能是 SDK 的 JRE 或已安装的其他 JRE（例如“C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_25\lib\security\cacerts”） ）

您需要输入 JVM 信任库的密码：此密码始终为“changeit”。

我不能保证这会解决问题，但这是我在解决此问题时迈出的重要一步，并且最终成功了。