Spring Boot:多个SLF4J绑定

Question

这可能是一个重复的问题,但我无法弄清楚绑定碰撞在哪里.我有我的Spring Boot 1.2.6.RELEASE服务,当我运行它时我收到此错误:

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/jscherman/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.3/logback-classic-1.1.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/jscherman/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.12/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.12.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextSelectorStaticBinder]

这是mvn dependency:tree输出

[INFO] com.myenterprise:product-manager:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- com.myenterprise.product:myproject-api:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- com.myenterprise.product:myproject-core:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.4.6:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.4.6:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.4.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.1.3.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.3.GA:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.0.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.aspectj:aspectjrt:jar:1.8.6:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:jar:1.8.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-jdbc:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-juli:jar:8.0.26:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:4.3.11.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging-annotations:jar:1.2.0.Beta1:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.3.11.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.jboss:jandex:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.5.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.18.1-GA:compile
[INFO] |  +- javax.transaction:javax.transaction-api:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:jar:1.7.3.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-commons:jar:1.9.3.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.12:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-aspects:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.36:compile
[INFO] +- org.flywaydb:flyway-core:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.security.oauth:spring-security-oauth2:jar:2.0.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-core:jar:3.2.8.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-config:jar:3.2.8.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-web:jar:3.2.8.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:jar:1.9.13:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:jar:1.9.13:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.14:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-log4j:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.12:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.12:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.7.12:compile
[INFO] |  \- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.17:compile
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:1.2.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:compile
[INFO]    +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.10.19:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.1:runtime
[INFO]    +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:compile
[INFO]    +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:compile
[INFO]    \- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.1.7.RELEASE:compile

所以,显然问题是logback仍然在类路径中,但我无法在输出中找到它,所以我不知道问题出在哪里.

你能发现错误吗？我很感激你的帮助

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编辑

这只有在我将服务器作为Spring Boot Application运行时才会发生.如果我将它作为java应用程序运行,错误就消失了......任何想法？

Answer 1

我有完全相同的问题,只能看到来自春季启动的依赖.它还引入了log4j-over-slf4j,这与我自己对slf4j-log4j12的要求发生了冲突.通过添加以下排除项解决.这更具体,不包括spring boot logging.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

Answer 2

由于所有早期的答案都没有成功让 log4j2 工作（至少对我来说），我在https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto-找到了解决方案logging.html#howto-configure-log4j-for-logging。基本上，org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging从您org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter的.org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-log4j2pom.xml

Answer 3

当想要使用 log4j 进行日志记录并排除默认 logback 实现时，请添加此依赖项（如果尚未存在），或者添加排除子句。

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
 <exclusions>
     <exclusion>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
     </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
</dependency>

请参阅Spring Logging - 如何操作。

Answer 4

spring-boot-starter-log4j删除对引入的依赖，我认为如果您有一些依赖于 log4j 的代码，slf4j-log4j12您应该使用 use 。log4j-over-slf4j请参阅此处以了解区别。

Answer 5

您在类路径上使用 logback.xml 并在 pom 上使用 spring-boot-starter-log4j:jar 这就是使用StaticLoggerBinder的冲突的原因。

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/jscherman/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.3/logback-classic-1.1.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/jscherman/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.12/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.12.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

请从您的 pom 中删除任一日志库（例如 spring-boot-starter-log4j）以消除冲突。