WKWebView无法加载https URL？

Question

我有一个WKWebView,它应该加载以下url:

https://buchung.salonmeister.de/place/#offer-details-page?id=907599&venueId=301655

她是我使用的代码:

import UIKit
import WebKit


class MMWKBrowserController: UIViewController {

  private let closeButtonSelector: Selector = "closeButtonTapped:"

  private var urlString: String
  private let request: NSMutableURLRequest

  private var webView: WKWebView!
  private var twoLineTitleView: UIView!
  private var titleLabel: UILabel?
  private var subTitleLabel: UILabel?
  private var indicator: UIActivityIndicatorView!


  init(urlString: String) {
    self.urlString = urlString

    println("*** Using MMWKBrowserController ***")

    var url: NSURL? = NSURL(string: urlString)
    if url == nil {
      var escapedString: String = urlString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
      self.urlString = escapedString
      url = NSURL(string: escapedString)
    }

    println("url: \(url)")
    request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url!)

    request.setValue("Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_4 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/600.1.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/12H141 Safari/600.1.4", forHTTPHeaderField: "UserAgent")

    super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil)
  }

  required init(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
  }


  deinit {
    self.webView.removeObserver(self, forKeyPath: "loading")
    self.webView.removeObserver(self, forKeyPath: "title")
    self.webView.removeObserver(self, forKeyPath: "URL")
    self.webView.removeObserver(self, forKeyPath: "estimatedProgress")
    self.webView.stopLoading()
  }


  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    createNavigationView()


    self.navigationController?.navigationBar.tintColor = MGColor.actionColor

    let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
    self.webView = WKWebView(frame: self.view.bounds, configuration: config)
    self.view.addSubview(self.webView)


    indicator = UIActivityIndicatorView(activityIndicatorStyle: UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle.Gray)
    //indicator.backgroundColor = UIColor(white: 0.1, alpha: 0.5)
    webView.addSubview(indicator)

    self.webView.snp_makeConstraints { (make) -> Void in
      make.edges.equalTo(self.view)
    }

    indicator.snp_makeConstraints { (make) -> Void in
      make.center.equalTo(self.webView)
    }

    webView.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "loading", options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions.New, context: nil)
    webView.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "title", options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions.New, context: nil)
    webView.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "URL", options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions.New, context: nil)
    webView.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: "estimatedProgress", options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions.New, context: nil)
  }


  override func viewDidDisappear(animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidDisappear(animated)
    self.webView.stopLoading()
  }


  private func createNavigationView() {
    let closeItem = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.Stop, target: self, action: closeButtonSelector)
    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = closeItem

    // create center view
    let titleViewWidth = self.view.frame.size.width - 100

    twoLineTitleView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, titleViewWidth, 44))

    titleLabel = UILabel(frame: CGRectMake(0, 6, titleViewWidth, 16))
    titleLabel?.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
    titleLabel?.font = UIFont.boldSystemFontOfSize(16)
    titleLabel?.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Center

    subTitleLabel = UILabel(frame: CGRectMake(0, 21, titleViewWidth, 20))
    subTitleLabel?.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
    subTitleLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(10)
    subTitleLabel?.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Center

    twoLineTitleView.addSubview(titleLabel!)
    twoLineTitleView.addSubview(subTitleLabel!)
    self.navigationItem.titleView = twoLineTitleView
  }



  override func viewWillAppear(animated: Bool) {
    super.viewWillAppear(animated)

    self.webView.loadRequest(self.request)

  }


  func closeButtonTapped(sender: UIBarButtonItem) {
    self.presentingViewController?.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
  }


  override func observeValueForKeyPath(keyPath: String, ofObject object: AnyObject, change: [NSObject : AnyObject], context: UnsafeMutablePointer<Void>) {

    if let wk = object as? WKWebView {
      switch keyPath {
      case "loading":
        if let val: AnyObject = change[NSKeyValueChangeNewKey] {
          if let val = val as? Bool {
            if val {
              self.indicator.startAnimating()
            }
            else {
              self.indicator.stopAnimating()
            }
          }
        }
      case "title":
        self.titleLabel?.text = self.webView.title
      case "URL":
        self.subTitleLabel?.text = self.webView.URL?.URLString
      case "estimatedProgress":
        println("progress: \(Int32(self.webView.estimatedProgress*100))")

      default: break
      }
    }
  }


}

注意:我使用SDK iOS 8.4

为什么移动版Safari会加载此网址但WKWebView不加载？

Answer 1

将此添加到您的plist

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

这是9.0中这一变化的解释 http://ste.vn/2015/06/10/configuring-app-transport-security-ios-9-osx-10-11/

此外,如果您想要将其设置得更安全,它会为您提供更复杂的方法.

Answer 2

对我来说,问题是由WKWebView的服务器信任检查引起的.

为了解决这个问题,我必须处理挑战认证回调并返回服务器信任凭证.

斯威夫特4

func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, 
    didReceive challenge: URLAuthenticationChallenge, 
    completionHandler: @escaping (URLSession.AuthChallengeDisposition, URLCredential?) -> Void) 
{
    if(challenge.protectionSpace.authenticationMethod == NSURLAuthenticationMethodServerTrust)
    {
        let cred = URLCredential(trust: challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust!)
        completionHandler(.useCredential, cred)
    }
    else
    {
        completionHandler(.performDefaultHandling, nil)
    }
}

Answer 3

如果您使用的是沙盒 macOS 应用程序，则需要设置传出连接（客户端）功能，而无需搞乱“允许任意负载”，该负载不应对受信任的https请求起作用。

然而，对于 iOS，允许客户端连接是默认设置，因此您可能需要实现WKNavigationDelegate方法来处理安全性。但请确保您不仅仅信任不受信任的证书。来自 objc.io 的这个 Swift Talk 视频是我所知道的最好的资源，如果您在这个领域工作，绝对值得花 20 分钟：https ://talk.objc.io/episodes/S01E57-certificate-pinning

Answer 4

不确定是否相同的错误原因，但在 iOS9 下问题对我来说是一样的

某些域名无法加载

原来问题出在

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition, NSURLCredential *))completionHandler {

并提供回馈

completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeCancelAuthenticationChallenge, nil);

我应该回到的地方

completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengePerformDefaultHandling, nil);

我使用了https://github.com/ShingoFukuyama/WKWebViewTips中的错误代码