Aur*_*e77 7 java spring unit-testing spring-batch spring-boot
我想使用 JUnit 和 Spring 创建 2 个测试用例,它们需要相同的类路径资源batch-configuration.properties,但该文件的内容根据测试而有所不同。
实际上在我的 Maven 项目中,我创建了这些文件树:
但是我如何根据我的测试用例定义我的根类路径(文件是在ExtractionBatchConfigurationusing中加载的classpath:batch-configuration.properties)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { ExtractionBatchConfiguration.class }, loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class)
@PropertySource("classpath:test1/batch-configuration.properties") // does not override ExtractionBatchConfiguration declaration
public class ExtractBatchTestCase {
private static ConfigurableApplicationContext context;
private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;
@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass() {
context = SpringApplication.run(ExtractionBatchConfiguration.class);
}
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
jobLauncherTestUtils = new JobLauncherTestUtils();
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJobLauncher(context.getBean(JobLauncher.class));
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJobRepository(context.getBean(JobRepository.class));
}
@Test
public void testGeneratedFiles() throws Exception {
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJob(context.getBean("extractJob1", Job.class));
JobExecution jobExecution = jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob();
Assert.assertNotNull(jobExecution);
Assert.assertEquals(BatchStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getStatus());
Assert.assertEquals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getExitStatus());
// ... other assert
}
}
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配置:
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@PropertySources({
@PropertySource("batch-default-configuration.properties"),
@PropertySource("batch-configuration.properties")
})
public class ExtractionBatchConfiguration { /* ... */ }
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我正在使用 Spring 4.0.9(我不能使用 4.1.x)和 JUnit 4.11
编辑:
在使用 hzpz 建议的自定义 ApplicationContextInitializer 覆盖解决一些问题的属性位置(application.properties + batch-configuration.properties)后,我遇到了 @ConfigurationProperties 的另一个问题:
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.ldap.contextsource"/*, locations = "application.properties"*/)
public class LdapSourceProperties {
String url;
String userDn;
String password;
/* getters, setters */
}
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和配置:
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(LdapSourceProperties.class)
public class LdapConfiguration {
@Bean
public ContextSource contextSource(LdapSourceProperties properties) {
LdapContextSource contextSource = new LdapContextSource();
contextSource.setUrl(properties.getUrl());
contextSource.setUserDn(properties.getUserDn());
contextSource.setPassword(properties.getPassword());
return contextSource;
}
}
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创建 ContextSource 时,所有 LdapSourceProperties 的字段均为 null,但如果我取消注释,locations = "application.properties"则仅当 application.properties 位于根类路径中时它才有效。@ConfigurationProperties 使用的默认环境似乎不包含所需的属性...
替代解决方案:
最后,我将所有属性放入application-<profile>.properties文件中(并删除 @PropertySource 定义)。我现在可以使用application-test1.properties和application-test2.properties。在我的测试类上,我可以设置@ActiveProfiles("test1")激活配置文件并加载关联的属性。
首先,您需要了解 Spring 的 JUnit 测试如何工作。的目的SpringJUnit4ClassRunner是为您创建ApplicationContext(使用@ContextConfiguration)。您不需要自己创建上下文。
如果上下文设置正确,您就可以用来@Autowired获取测试中所需的依赖项。ExtractBatchTestCase应该看起来像这样:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { ExtractionBatchConfiguration.class })
public class ExtractBatchTestCase {
@Autowired
private JobLauncher jobLauncher;
@Autowired
private JobRepository jobRepository;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("extractJob1")
private Job job;
private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
jobLauncherTestUtils = new JobLauncherTestUtils();
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJobLauncher(jobLauncher);
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJobRepository(jobRepository);
}
@Test
public void testGeneratedFiles() throws Exception {
jobLauncherTestUtils.setJob(job);
JobExecution jobExecution = jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob();
Assert.assertNotNull(jobExecution);
Assert.assertEquals(BatchStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getStatus());
Assert.assertEquals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getExitStatus());
// ... other assert
}
}
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其次,Javadoc声明@ProperySource:
如果给定的属性键存在于多个 .properties 文件中,则
@PropertySource处理的最后一个注释将“获胜”并覆盖。[...]在某些情况下,使用注释时严格控制属性源排序可能是不可能或不切实际的
@ProperySource。例如,如果@Configuration类[...]是通过组件扫描注册的,则顺序很难预测。在这种情况下 - 如果覆盖很重要 - 建议用户转而使用编程式 PropertySource API。
为您的测试创建一个,ApplicationContextInitializer以添加一些具有最高搜索优先级的测试属性,这些属性将始终“获胜”:
public class MockApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
MutablePropertySources propertySources = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources();
MockPropertySource mockEnvVars = new MockPropertySource().withProperty("foo", "bar");
propertySources.addFirst(mockEnvVars);
}
}
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使用以下方式声明它@ContextConfiguration:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { ExtractionBatchConfiguration.class },
initializers = MockApplicationContextInitializer.class)
public class ExtractBatchTestCase {
// ...
}
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