Android"gps需要ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"错误,即使我的清单文件包含此错误

Question

每次运行应用程序时,我的SecurityException都会被抛出,调试器的错误会如下所示:

java.lang.SecurityException:"gps"位置提供程序需要ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION或ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION权限.

这似乎是一个简单的错误,但是,我的清单文件是完全正确的.在这里,这里也是我的MapActivity代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.providers.gsf.permission.READ_GSERVICES" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.dev.cromer.jason.coverme.permission.MAPS_RECEIVE" />

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
    <activity
        android:name=".MainActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
        android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />
    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.maps.v2.API_KEY"
        android:value= "@string/google_maps_key" />

    <activity
        android:name=".MapActivity"
        android:label="@string/title_activity_map" >
    </activity>
</application>

我的活动:

    package com.dev.cromer.jason.coverme;

import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions;

public class MapActivity extends FragmentActivity implements LocationListener {

    private GoogleMap mMap; // Might be null if Google Play services APK is not available.

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_map);

        setUpMapIfNeeded();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        setUpMapIfNeeded();
    }



    private void setUpMapIfNeeded() {
        // Do a null check to confirm that we have not already instantiated the map.
        if (mMap == null) {
            // Try to obtain the map from the SupportMapFragment.
            mMap = ((SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.map))
                    .getMap();

            // Check if we were successful in obtaining the map.
            if (mMap != null) {
                //mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
                //mMap.setOnMyLocationChangeListener(this);
                setUpMap();
            }
        }
    }


    private void setUpMap() {
        mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().position(new LatLng(0, 0)).title("Marker"));
        mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);

        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

        try {
            Location myLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);

            if (myLocation != null) {
                Log.d("TAG", "Not null");
            }
            else {
                Log.d("TAG", "NULL");
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, this);
            }
        }
        catch (SecurityException se) {
            Log.d("TAG", "SE CAUGHT");
            se.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        Log.d("CHANGED", "LOCATION UPDATED");

    }

    @Override
    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

    }
}

Answer 1

ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION和,WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE都是Android 6.0运行时权限系统的一部分.除了像你一样在清单中使用它们之外,还必须在运行时(使用requestPermissions())向用户请求它们,看看你是否拥有它们(使用checkSelfPermission()).

短期内的一个解决方法是降低targetSdkVersion23以下.

但是,最终,您将需要更新您的应用程序以使用运行时权限系统.

例如,此活动使用五个权限.四个是运行时权限,虽然它目前只处理三个(我之前写的它WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE被添加到运行时权限名单中).

/***
 Copyright (c) 2015 CommonsWare, LLC
 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
 of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. Unless required
 by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
 License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
 OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
 language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

 From _The Busy Coder's Guide to Android Development_
 https://commonsware.com/Android
 */

package com.commonsware.android.permmonger;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  private static final String[] INITIAL_PERMS={
    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
    Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS
  };
  private static final String[] CAMERA_PERMS={
    Manifest.permission.CAMERA
  };
  private static final String[] CONTACTS_PERMS={
      Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS
  };
  private static final String[] LOCATION_PERMS={
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
  };
  private static final int INITIAL_REQUEST=1337;
  private static final int CAMERA_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+1;
  private static final int CONTACTS_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+2;
  private static final int LOCATION_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+3;
  private TextView location;
  private TextView camera;
  private TextView internet;
  private TextView contacts;
  private TextView storage;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    location=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.location_value);
    camera=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.camera_value);
    internet=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.internet_value);
    contacts=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.contacts_value);
    storage=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.storage_value);

    if (!canAccessLocation() || !canAccessContacts()) {
      requestPermissions(INITIAL_PERMS, INITIAL_REQUEST);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected void onResume() {
    super.onResume();

    updateTable();
  }

  @Override
  public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.actions, menu);

    return(super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu));
  }

  @Override
  public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch(item.getItemId()) {
      case R.id.camera:
        if (canAccessCamera()) {
          doCameraThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(CAMERA_PERMS, CAMERA_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);

      case R.id.contacts:
        if (canAccessContacts()) {
          doContactsThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(CONTACTS_PERMS, CONTACTS_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);

      case R.id.location:
        if (canAccessLocation()) {
          doLocationThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(LOCATION_PERMS, LOCATION_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);
    }

    return(super.onOptionsItemSelected(item));
  }

  @Override
  public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    updateTable();

    switch(requestCode) {
      case CAMERA_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessCamera()) {
          doCameraThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;

      case CONTACTS_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessContacts()) {
          doContactsThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;

      case LOCATION_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessLocation()) {
          doLocationThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;
    }
  }

  private void updateTable() {
    location.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessLocation()));
    camera.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessCamera()));
    internet.setText(String.valueOf(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.INTERNET)));
    contacts.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessContacts()));
    storage.setText(String.valueOf(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)));
  }

  private boolean canAccessLocation() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION));
  }

  private boolean canAccessCamera() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA));
  }

  private boolean canAccessContacts() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS));
  }

  private boolean hasPermission(String perm) {
    return(PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED==checkSelfPermission(perm));
  }

  private void bzzzt() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_bzzzt, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  }

  private void doCameraThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_camera, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

  private void doContactsThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_contacts, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

  private void doLocationThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_location, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
}

(来自这个示例项目)

对于requestPermissions()函数,参数应该是"ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"吗？或者我应该包含全名"android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"？

我会使用Manifest.permission上面定义的常量,如上所示.

另外,请求代码是什么？

这将作为第一个参数传递给您onRequestPermissionsResult(),因此您可以告诉另一个requestPermissions()来电.

Answer 2

我的简单解决方案是这样

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    googleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
    googleMap.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
} else {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_permission_map, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

或者您可以在其他地方打开权限对话框

} else {
   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, 
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION }, 
      TAG_CODE_PERMISSION_LOCATION);
}

Answer 3

原因：“从Android 6.0（API级别23）开始，用户在应用程序运行时（而不是在安装应用程序时）授予应用程序权限。” 在这种情况下，“ ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION”是“危险权限，因此，您会收到此'java.lang.SecurityException：“ gps”位置提供程序需要ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION权限。错误（https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html）。

解决方案：实施https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html标题为“请求所需权限”和“处理权限请求响应”标题下提供的代码。