call_command参数是必需的

Question

我试图以call_command一种非常类似于这个问题的方式使用Django 而没有答案.

我称之为的方式是:

    args = []
    kwargs = {
        'solr_url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/collection1',
        'type': 'opinions',
        'update': True,
        'everything': True,
        'do_commit': True,
        'traceback': True,
    }
    call_command('cl_update_index', **kwargs)

理论上,根据文档,这应该有效.但它不起作用,它只是不起作用.

这是add_arguments我的Command类的方法:

def add_arguments(self, parser):
    parser.add_argument(
        '--type',
        type=valid_obj_type,
        required=True,
        help='Because the Solr indexes are loosely bound to the database, '
             'commands require that the correct model is provided in this '
             'argument. Current choices are "audio" or "opinions".'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--solr-url',
        required=True,
        type=str,
        help='When swapping cores, it can be valuable to use a temporary '
             'Solr URL, overriding the default value that\'s in the '
             'settings, e.g., http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/swap_core'
    )

    actions_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    actions_group.add_argument(
        '--update',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help='Run the command in update mode. Use this to add or update '
             'items.'
    )
    actions_group.add_argument(
        '--delete',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help='Run the command in delete mode. Use this to remove  items '
             'from the index. Note that this will not delete items from '
             'the index that do not continue to exist in the database.'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--optimize',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help='Run the optimize command against the current index after '
             'any updates or deletions are completed.'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--do-commit',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help='Performs a simple commit and nothing more.'
    )

    act_upon_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    act_upon_group.add_argument(
        '--everything',
        action='store_true',
        default=False,
        help='Take action on everything in the database',
    )
    act_upon_group.add_argument(
        '--query',
        help='Take action on items fulfilling a query. Queries should be '
             'formatted as Python dicts such as: "{\'court_id\':\'haw\'}"'
    )
    act_upon_group.add_argument(
        '--items',
        type=int,
        nargs='*',
        help='Take action on a list of items using a single '
             'Celery task'
    )
    act_upon_group.add_argument(
        '--datetime',
        type=valid_date_time,
        help='Take action on items newer than a date (YYYY-MM-DD) or a '
             'date and time (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS)'
    )

无论我在这里做什么,我得到:

CommandError:错误:参数--type是必需的

有任何想法吗？如果你真的很好奇,你可以在这里看到整个代码.

Answer 1

您使用'--type'标志定义了一个参数,并将其创建required.该命令行将需要一个或多个字符串--type avalue.

这看起来像以下相关部分call_command:

def call_command(name, *args, **options):
    ....
    parser = command.create_parser('', name)
    if command.use_argparse:
        # Use the `dest` option name from the parser option
        opt_mapping = {sorted(s_opt.option_strings)[0].lstrip('-').replace('-', '_'): s_opt.dest
                       for s_opt in parser._actions if s_opt.option_strings}
        arg_options = {opt_mapping.get(key, key): value for key, value in options.items()}
        defaults = parser.parse_args(args=args)
        defaults = dict(defaults._get_kwargs(), **arg_options)
        # Move positional args out of options to mimic legacy optparse
        args = defaults.pop('args', ())

它创建一个解析器,使用它自己的参数加上你添加的参数.

parser._actions if s_opt.option_strings是带有选项标志的参数(Actions)(以 - 或 - 开头). opt_mapping标志字符串(减去前导-s)和'dest'属性之间的映射.

arg_options将您转换**kwargs为可与parser输出合并的内容.

defaults = parser.parse_args(args=args)做实际的解析.也就是说,它是唯一实际使用argparse解析机制的代码.因此*args,您的通话部分模拟sys.argv[1:]从交互式呼叫生成.

基于该阅读,我认为这应该工作:

args = [
    '--solr-url', 'http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/collection1',
    '--type', 'opinions',
    '--update'
    '--everything',
    '--do_commit',
    '--traceback',
}
call_command('cl_update_index', *args)

而不是**kwargs我作为字符串列表传递值.或者可以传入两个必需的参数args,其余的参数**kwargs.

args = ['--solr-url', 'http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/collection1',
    '--type', 'opinions']
kwargs = {
    'update': True,
    'everything': True,
    'do_commit': True,
    'traceback': True,
}
call_command('cl_update_index', *args, **kwargs)

如果一个论点required需要传入*args. **kwargs绕过解析器,使其反对丢失的参数.

我已经下载了最新的django,但还没有安装它.但是这里的模拟call_command应该测试调用选项:

import argparse

def call_command(name, *args, **options):
    """
    Calls the given command, with the given options and args/kwargs.
    standalone simulation of django.core.mangement call_command
    """
    command = name
    """
    ....
    """
    # Simulate argument parsing to get the option defaults (see #10080 for details).
    parser = command.create_parser('', name)
    if command.use_argparse:
        # Use the `dest` option name from the parser option
        opt_mapping = {sorted(s_opt.option_strings)[0].lstrip('-').replace('-', '_'): s_opt.dest
                       for s_opt in parser._actions if s_opt.option_strings}
        arg_options = {opt_mapping.get(key, key): value for key, value in options.items()}
        defaults = parser.parse_args(args=args)
        defaults = dict(defaults._get_kwargs(), **arg_options)
        # Move positional args out of options to mimic legacy optparse
        args = defaults.pop('args', ())
    else:
        # Legacy optparse method
        defaults, _ = parser.parse_args(args=[])
        defaults = dict(defaults.__dict__, **options)
    if 'skip_checks' not in options:
        defaults['skip_checks'] = True

    return command.execute(*args, **defaults)

class BaseCommand():
    def __init__(self):
        self.use_argparse = True
        self.stdout= sys.stdout
        self.stderr=sys.stderr
    def execute(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.handle(*args, **kwargs)
    def handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print('args: ', args)
        print('kwargs: ', kwargs)
    def create_parser(self, *args, **kwargs):
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        self.add_arguments(parser)
        return parser
    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('--type', required=True)
        parser.add_argument('--update', action='store_true')
        parser.add_argument('--optional', default='default')
        parser.add_argument('foo')
        parser.add_argument('args', nargs='*')

if __name__=='__main__':

    testcmd = BaseCommand()
    # testcmd.execute('one','tow', three='four')

    call_command(testcmd, '--type','typevalue','foovalue', 'argsvalue', update=True)

    args = ['--type=argvalue', 'foovalue', '1', '2']
    kwargs = {
        'solr_url': 'http://127.0.0.1...',
        'type': 'opinions',
        'update': True,
        'everything': True,
    }
    call_command(testcmd, *args, **kwargs)

产生:

python3 stack32036562.py 
args:  ('argsvalue',)
kwargs:  {'optional': 'default', 'type': 'typevalue', 'update': True, 'skip_checks': True, 'foo': 'foovalue'}
args:  ('1', '2')
kwargs:  {'optional': 'default', 'update': True, 'foo': 'foovalue', 'type': 'opinions', 'skip_checks': True, 'everything': True, 'solr_url': 'http://127.0.0.1...'}

使用一堆存根,我可以cl Command使用我的工作, BaseCommand以下调用有效:

clupdate = Command()
args = ['--type','opinions','--solr-url','dummy']
kwargs = {
    'solr_url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/collection1',
    #'type': 'opinions',
    'update': True,
    'everything': True,
    'do_commit': True,
    'traceback': True,
}
call_command(clupdate, *args, **kwargs)

执行存根everything.

Running in update mode...
everything
args:  ()
options:  {'type': 'opinions', 'query': None, 'solr_url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr/collection1', 'items': None, 'do_commit': True, 'update': True, 'delete': False, 'datetime': None, 'optimize': False, 'skip_checks': True, 'everything': True, 'traceback': True}