R devtools失败,因为"在pkg-config搜索路径中找不到包libxml-2.0"

Question

我试图在R版本3.2.1中安装devtools,但是当我这样做时会抛出以下错误:

Package libxml-2.0 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libxml-2.0.pc
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

当我dpkg -L libxml2-dev在终端中运行时,我发现:

/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/xml2-config
/usr/share
/usr/share/aclocal
/usr/share/aclocal/libxml2.m4
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/copyright
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man1
/usr/share/man/man1/xml2-config.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man3
/usr/share/man/man3/libxml.3.gz
/usr/lib
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxml2.a
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/libxml-2.0.pc
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xml2Conf.sh
/usr/include
/usr/include/libxml2
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/globals.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/schematron.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xlink.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/HTMLparser.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/pattern.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlexports.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlschemas.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/list.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/entities.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlstring.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/encoding.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/hash.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlmemory.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/relaxng.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlsave.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/SAX2.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlIO.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlschemastypes.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xpathInternals.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/schemasInternals.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlmodule.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/valid.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/c14n.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlwriter.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/tree.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlunicode.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/nanohttp.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/catalog.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlerror.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/nanoftp.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlautomata.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xinclude.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/HTMLtree.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/chvalid.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/parserInternals.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xpointer.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlversion.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/dict.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlregexp.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/DOCBparser.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/parser.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xmlreader.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/SAX.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/threads.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/debugXML.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xpath.h
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/uri.h
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/README
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/NEWS.gz
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/TODO.gz
/usr/share/doc/libxml2-dev/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxml2.so

试着把它添加到PKG_CONFIG_PATH我试过的:env PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig但是这似乎不起作用.

Answer 1

好吧所以最后我不得不手动安装libxml2,即使我的系统说它已经安装了最新的版本: sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev

我根据此处的信息手动安装:

wget ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.9.2.tar.gz

然后在解压缩并移入文件夹后:

./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static --with-history && make

和

sudo make install

在此之后,R命令install.packages("devtools")成功完成.

Answer 2

根据您的 Linux 风格从下面选择并安装合适的库：-

• deb：libxml2-dev（Debian、Ubuntu 等）
• rpm：libxml2-devel（Fedora、CentOS、RHEL）
• csw: libxml2_dev (Solaris)

使用适当的命令安装，如 apt-get、yum 等。

Answer 3

在 R 提示符下，只要libxml2-dev已安装此命令即可工作：

Sys.setenv(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig")