为什么在使用pyinstaller构建.exe时会出现ImportError？

Question

我刚刚创建了一个小的GUI程序,可以在IPython中编译和工作,但是当我尝试将它导出到.exe使用pyinstaller时,它会给我一个导入错误.我确定这是sklearn因为当我注释掉sklearn导入时,我的文件在我构建它时打开了.

C:\Users\Chris\Anaconda>C:/Users/Chris/Anaconda/dist/Room_Test.exe
WARNING: file already exists but should not:                            C:\Users\Chris\AppData\Local\Temp\_MEI100402\Include\pyconfig.h
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 9, in <module>
File "C:\Users\Chris\Anaconda\Lib\site-    packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_importers.py", line 270, in load_module
exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
  File "C:\Users\Chris\Anaconda\build\Room_Test\out00-    PYZ.pyz\sklearn.neighbors", line 6, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\Chris\Anaconda\Lib\site-    packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_importers.py", line 409, in load_module
    module = imp.load_module(fullname, fp, filename, self._c_ext_tuple)
  File "dist_metrics.pxd", line 48, in init sklearn.neighbors.ball_tree     (sklearn\neighbors\ball_tree.c:35726)
  File "C:\Users\Chris\Anaconda\Lib\site-    packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_importers.py", line 409, in load_module
    module = imp.load_module(fullname, fp, filename, self._c_ext_tuple)
  File "dist_metrics.pyx", line 52, in init sklearn.neighbors.dist_metrics     (sklearn\neighbors\dist_metrics.c:25494)
ImportError: No module named typedefs

Answer 1

您仍然可以通过在命令中添加以下内容来使用pyinstaller:

--hidden-import sklearn.neighbors.typedefs

或者将以下内容添加到您的.spec文件中:

hiddenimports=['cython', 'sklearn', 'sklearn.neighbors.typedefs']

Answer 2

最好使用spec文件导入另一个隐藏的库可能会导致问题.我列出了所有Sklearn库并添加到spec文件中,作为这样的hiddenimports:

  # -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['MyPythonApplication.py'],
             pathex=['..\\ApplicationFolder'],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[],
             hiddenimports=['cython', 'sklearn', 'sklearn.ensemble', 'sklearn.neighbors.typedefs', 'sklearn.neighbors.quad_tree', 'sklearn.tree._utils'],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='ExeFileName',             
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=False,
          console=False )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               name='ApplicationName')

Answer 3

自己解决了！最终使用 py2exe。尽管 x64 系统尚不支持捆绑到一个 .exe，但导入模块要容易得多。但为我的目的工作。刚刚将以下行添加到“包含”中：

sklearn.neighbors.typedefs