Django send_mail通过gmail很慢

Question

当我尝试通过./manage.py shell发送时,发送一封电子邮件需要几分钟时间.当我在浏览器中提交表单后尝试发送用户验证电子邮件时,浏览器超时504,但最终会发送电子邮件.会发生什么事？

settings.py

...
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'                                                   
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'myemail@gmail.com'                                      
EMAIL_PORT = 587                                                                
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True                                                            
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER                                            
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = os.environ.get('PASSWORD')   
...

views.py

class SignUpView(CreateView):                                                   
    model = User                                                                
    template_name = 'eventMap/register.html'                                    
    form_class = RegistrationForm                                               
    success_url="/"                                                             

    def form_valid(self, form):                                                 
                form.save()                                                     
                username = form.cleaned_data['username']                        
                email = form.cleaned_data['email']                              
                salt = hashlib.sha1(str(random.random())).hexdigest()[:5]          
                activation_key = hashlib.sha1(salt+email).hexdigest()           
                key_expires = datetime.datetime.today() + datetime.timedelta(2) 

                #Get user by username                                           
                user=User.objects.get(username=username)                        

                # Create and save user profile                                  
                new_profile = UserProfile(user=user, activation_key=activation_key,
                        key_expires=key_expires)                                
                new_profile.save()                                              

                # Send email with activation key                                
                email_subject = 'Account confirmation'                          
                email_body = "Hey %s, thanks for signing up. To activate your account, click this link within \
                48hours http://mywebsite.com/accounts/confirm/%s" % (username, activation_key)

                send_mail(email_subject, email_body, 'myemail@gmail.com',  
                        ['mytestemail@gmail.com'], fail_silently=False)   

                return super(SignUpView, self).form_valid(form) 

我在这篇文章中看到类似的东西,但日志中没有提到任何关于不合格的主机名等的内容/var/log/mail.log

Jul 27 16:26:04 django postfix/qmgr[5975]: CAF7C1226F2: from=<>, size=3063, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jul 27 16:26:34 django postfix/smtp[12874]: connect to example.com[2606:2800:220:1:248:1893:25c8:1946]:25: Connection timed out
Jul 27 16:27:04 django postfix/smtp[12874]: connect to example.com[93.184.216.34]:25: Connection timed out
Jul 27 16:27:04 django postfix/smtp[12874]: CAF7C1226F2: to=<myemail@example.com>, relay=none, delay=368178, delays=368118/0.02/60/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to example.com[93.184.216.34]:25: Connection timed out)

Answer 1

我有一个类似的情况,延迟和超时是由系统尝试通过IPv6连接到gmail引起的.

这个主题在揭开神秘面纱方面很有用.

TLDR:

在主机上尝试使用telnet连接到gmail.

telnet smtp.gmail.com 587

如果它首先尝试通过IPv6连接(并且阻塞几分钟),然后在IPv4上成功连接,那么这可能是您的问题.

解决方案:

import socket
EMAIL_HOST = socket.gethostbyname('smtp.gmail.com')

这可以确保python从一开始就通过IPv4连接到gmail.

更好的方案:

找出您的主机无法通过IPv6连接到gmail并解决该问题的原因.也许调整防火墙规则来拒绝数据包而不是丢弃它们.

Answer 2

您可能不想通过 Gmail 发送电子邮件。这并不是 Gmail 等标准 smtp 服务的真正预期用途。

您是否尝试过将电子邮件通知配置为通过像 Mandrill 这样的邮件分发服务来运行？

有一些 Django 应用程序（例如Djrill）可以使用标准 Django 电子邮件函数（例如 send_mail()）“正常工作”。