Lau*_*hel 2 qt qgraphicsitem qml qtquick2
假设您已经QGraphicsRectItem在 C++ 中创建了以下自定义:
class MyCustomItem : public QGraphicsRectItem
{
public:
MyCustomItem(MyCustomItem* a_Parent = 0);
virtual ~MyCustomItem();
// specific methods
private:
// specific data
};
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还假设您在 QML 脚本中定义了一个ApplicationWindow:
// main.qml
import QtQuick 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 1.3
import QtQuick.Window 2.0
ApplicationWindow {
id: myWindow
title: qsTr("My Window")
width: 640
height: 480
visible: true
}
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我想做的简单任务是显示MyCustomItemin that的实例ApplicationWindow。我想做以下事情:
// part of main.cpp
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
MyCustomItem* myItem;
engine.rootContext()->setContextProperty("MyCustomItem", myItem);
return app.exec();
}
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但这当然不起作用,因为MyCustomItem既不是 aQObject也不是 a QVariant。我不希望我的项目是QGraphicsRectItem. 那不能显示那个图形项目吗?那应该很简单,不是吗?有什么办法QDeclarativeItem吗?我找不到如何解决这个问题,这很令人沮丧。我会用“普通”Qt 实现我的应用程序,问题已经解决了,因为在这种情况下你有一个场景,并且场景有一个成员方法addItem(),我不需要做复杂的事情来添加我的自定义图形项到我的场景。我是否必须用 aQDeclarativeItem或 a包装这个项目QObject才能完成这件事?在我看来,那太可怕了。没有更好的选择吗?
这可能QGraphicsRectItem不是继承的正确类,并且类似QQuickPaintedItem(如评论中建议的那样)会更合适吗?
我不能说 Qt 4,但在 Qt 5 中,您有多种自定义绘图选项:
QQuickPaintedItem基于 QPainter 的QQuickItem. 这听起来最接近你想要的。其中一个示例的文档中的片段:
void TextBalloon::paint(QPainter *painter)
{
QBrush brush(QColor("#007430"));
painter->setBrush(brush);
painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
painter->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
painter->drawRoundedRect(0, 0, boundingRect().width(), boundingRect().height() - 10, 10, 10);
if (rightAligned)
{
const QPointF points[3] = {
QPointF(boundingRect().width() - 10.0, boundingRect().height() - 10.0),
QPointF(boundingRect().width() - 20.0, boundingRect().height()),
QPointF(boundingRect().width() - 30.0, boundingRect().height() - 10.0),
};
painter->drawConvexPolygon(points, 3);
}
else
{
const QPointF points[3] = {
QPointF(10.0, boundingRect().height() - 10.0),
QPointF(20.0, boundingRect().height()),
QPointF(30.0, boundingRect().height() - 10.0),
};
painter->drawConvexPolygon(points, 3);
}
}
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Canvas基于 JavaScript 的绘图 QML 类型,带有类似 HTML5 的API。其中一个示例的片段:
Canvas {
id: canvas
width: 320
height: 250
antialiasing: true
property color strokeStyle: Qt.darker(fillStyle, 1.2)
property color fillStyle: "#6400aa"
property int lineWidth: 2
property int nSize: nCtrl.value
property real radius: rCtrl.value
property bool fill: true
property bool stroke: false
property real px: width/2
property real py: height/2 + 10
property real alpha: 1.0
onRadiusChanged: requestPaint();
onLineWidthChanged: requestPaint();
onNSizeChanged: requestPaint();
onFillChanged: requestPaint();
onStrokeChanged: requestPaint();
onPaint: squcirle();
function squcirle() {
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var N = canvas.nSize;
var R = canvas.radius;
N=Math.abs(N);
var M=N;
if (N>100) M=100;
if (N<0.00000000001) M=0.00000000001;
ctx.save();
ctx.globalAlpha =canvas.alpha;
ctx.fillStyle = "white";
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.strokeStyle = canvas.strokeStyle;
ctx.fillStyle = canvas.fillStyle;
ctx.lineWidth = canvas.lineWidth;
ctx.beginPath();
var i = 0, x, y;
for (i=0; i<(2*R+1); i++){
x = Math.round(i-R) + canvas.px;
y = Math.round(Math.pow(Math.abs(Math.pow(R,M)-Math.pow(Math.abs(i-R),M)),1/M)) + canvas.py;
if (i == 0)
ctx.moveTo(x, y);
else
ctx.lineTo(x, y);
}
for (i=(2*R); i<(4*R+1); i++){
x =Math.round(3*R-i)+canvas.px;
y = Math.round(-Math.pow(Math.abs(Math.pow(R,M)-Math.pow(Math.abs(3*R-i),M)),1/M)) + canvas.py;
ctx.lineTo(x, y);
}
ctx.closePath();
if (canvas.stroke) {
ctx.stroke();
}
if (canvas.fill) {
ctx.fill();
}
ctx.restore();
}
}
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QSGGeometryNode如本答案所述,您可以利用Qt Quick Scene Graph。其中一个示例的片段:
QSGNode *BezierCurve::updatePaintNode(QSGNode *oldNode, UpdatePaintNodeData *)
{
QSGGeometryNode *node = 0;
QSGGeometry *geometry = 0;
if (!oldNode) {
node = new QSGGeometryNode;
geometry = new QSGGeometry(QSGGeometry::defaultAttributes_Point2D(), m_segmentCount);
geometry->setLineWidth(2);
geometry->setDrawingMode(GL_LINE_STRIP);
node->setGeometry(geometry);
node->setFlag(QSGNode::OwnsGeometry);
QSGFlatColorMaterial *material = new QSGFlatColorMaterial;
material->setColor(QColor(255, 0, 0));
node->setMaterial(material);
node->setFlag(QSGNode::OwnsMaterial);
} else {
node = static_cast<QSGGeometryNode *>(oldNode);
geometry = node->geometry();
geometry->allocate(m_segmentCount);
}
QRectF bounds = boundingRect();
QSGGeometry::Point2D *vertices = geometry->vertexDataAsPoint2D();
for (int i = 0; i < m_segmentCount; ++i) {
qreal t = i / qreal(m_segmentCount - 1);
qreal invt = 1 - t;
QPointF pos = invt * invt * invt * m_p1
+ 3 * invt * invt * t * m_p2
+ 3 * invt * t * t * m_p3
+ t * t * t * m_p4;
float x = bounds.x() + pos.x() * bounds.width();
float y = bounds.y() + pos.y() * bounds.height();
vertices[i].set(x, y);
}
node->markDirty(QSGNode::DirtyGeometry);
return node;
}
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QQuickWidget如果您真的想使用QGraphicsItem子类,您可以反其道而行之,并拥有一个基于小部件的应用程序,其中包含某些“Qt Quick Widgets”,尽管这不是最佳选择(有关更多信息,请参阅Qt Weekly #16:QQuickWidget)。