在加载数据之前完成所有异步请求？

Question

我遇到了一个问题,我发生了多个异步请求,从Facebook API和我的Firebase数据库中获取图像和信息.我想执行所有异步请求,然后将我从Facebook API/Firebase数据库中获取的所有数据存储到一个可以快速加载的整个对象中.我已经为每个异步请求设置了完成处理程序,我认为这会强制程序"等待"直到请求完成,然后让程序继续,但这对我来说似乎不起作用.以下是我的尝试:

func setupEvents(completion: (result: Bool, Event: Event) -> Void){
    // Get a reference to Events
    eventsReference = Firebase(url:"<DB Name>")
    eventAttendeesRef = Firebase(url:"<DB Name>")

    //Read the data at our posts reference
    println("Event References: \(eventsReference)")
    eventsReference.observeEventType(FEventType.ChildAdded, withBlock: { (snapshot) -> Void in

        let eventName = snapshot.value["eventName"] as? String
        let eventLocation = snapshot.value["eventLocation"] as? String
        let eventCreator = snapshot.value["eventCreator"] as? String

        var attendees: NSMutableDictionary = [:]
        var attendeesImages = [UIImage]()
        let attendee: NSMutableDictionary = [:]

        let group = dispatch_group_create()

        //Get attendees first
        dispatch_group_enter(group)
        self.getAttendees(snapshot.key as String, completion:{ (result, name, objectID) -> Void in
            if(result == true){
                println("Finished grabbing \(name!) \(objectID!)")
                attendees.addEntriesFromDictionary(attendee as [NSObject : AnyObject])
            }
            else {
                println("False")
            }
            dispatch_group_leave(group)
        })

        //Get attendees photos
        dispatch_group_enter(group)
        self.getAttendeesPictures(attendee, completion: { (result, image) -> Void in
            if result == true {
                println("Finished getting attendee photos. Now to store into Event object.")
                attendeesImages.append(image!)
            }
            else{
                println("false")
            }
            dispatch_group_leave(group)
        })

        dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
            println("both requests done")
            //Maintain array snapshot keys
            self.eventIDs.append(snapshot.key)

            if snapshot != nil {
                let event = Event(eventName: eventName, eventLocation:eventLocation, eventPhoto:eventPhoto, fromDate:fromDate, fromTime:fromTime, toDate:toDate, toTime:toTime, attendees: attendees, attendeesImages:attendeesImages, attendeesImagesTest: attendeesImagesTest, privacy:privacy, eventCreator: eventCreator, eventCreatorID: eventCreatorID)
                println("Event: \(event)")
                completion(result: true, Event: event)
            }
        }

        }) { (error) -> Void in
            println(error.description)
    }
}

我知道我已经在我的程序中测试了正确设置了完成处理程序.不过,我要的是,无论是只有在getAttendees和getAttendeesPictures功能完成,然后我要来存储所有我抓起的信息snapshot,getAttendees以及getAttendeesPictures功能,并将它们存储到一个event对象.有关如何实现这一目标的任何想法？我试图dispatch_groups通过这个链接来帮助我处理这个问题:检查来自Alamofire和Swift的多个异步响应,但我的程序似乎只执行getAttendees函数而不是getAttendeesPictures函数.以下是getAttendees和getAttendeesPictures功能:

func getAttendees(child: String, completion: (result: Bool, name: String?, objectID: String?) -> Void){
    //Get event attendees of particular event
    var attendeesReference = self.eventAttendeesRef.childByAppendingPath(child)
    println("Loading event attendees")
    //Get all event attendees
    attendeesReference.observeEventType(FEventType.ChildAdded, withBlock: { (snapshot) -> Void in
        let name = snapshot.value.objectForKey("name") as? String
        let objectID = snapshot.value.objectForKey("objectID") as? String
        println("Name: \(name) Object ID: \(objectID)")
        completion(result: true, name: name, objectID: objectID)
        }) { (error) -> Void in
            println(error.description)
    }

 func getAttendeesPictures(attendees: NSMutableDictionary, completion: (result: Bool, image: UIImage?)-> Void){
    println("Attendees Count: \(attendees.count)")
    for (key, value) in attendees{
        let url = NSURL(string: "https://graph.facebook.com/\(key)/picture?type=large")
        println("URL: \(url)")
        let urlRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url!)
        //Asynchronous request to display image
        NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(urlRequest, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) { (response:NSURLResponse!, data:NSData!, error:NSError!) -> Void in
            if error != nil{
                println("Error: \(error)")
            }
            // Display the image
            let image = UIImage(data: data)
            if(image != nil){
                completion(result: true, image: image)
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

对于在标题中寻求问题答案的用户,然后使用dispatch_group和在此概述的GCD:即在另一个组的通知方法中嵌入一个组dispatch_group是有效的.进入更高级别的另一种方式是NSOperations依赖性,这也将进一步控制,例如取消操作.

大纲:

func doStuffonObjectsProcessAndComplete(arrayOfObjectsToProcess: Array) -> Void){

    let firstGroup = dispatch_group_create()

    for object in arrayOfObjectsToProcess {

        dispatch_group_enter(firstGroup)

        doStuffToObject(object, completion:{ (success) in
            if(success){
                // doing stuff success
            }
            else {
                // doing stuff fail
            }
            // regardless, we leave the group letting GCD know we finished this bit of work
            dispatch_group_leave(firstGroup)
        })
    }

    // called once all code blocks entered into group have left
    dispatch_group_notify(firstGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {

        let processGroup = dispatch_group_create()

        for object in arrayOfObjectsToProcess {

            dispatch_group_enter(processGroup)

            processObject(object, completion:{ (success) in
                if(success){
                    // processing stuff success
                }
                else {
                    // processing stuff fail
                }
                // regardless, we leave the group letting GCD know we finished this bit of work
                dispatch_group_leave(processGroup)
            })
        }

        dispatch_group_notify(processGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
            print("All Done and Processed, so load data now")
        }
    }
}

此答案的其余部分特定于此代码库.

这里似乎有一些问题:该getAttendees函数接受一个事件子进程并返回一个objectID并且Name哪些都是字符串？这种方法不应该返回一组参与者吗？如果没有,那么objectID返回的是什么？

返回一组与会者后,您可以在一个组中处理它们以获取图片.

在getAttendeesPictures最终返回UIImages从Facebook.最好将这些缓存到磁盘并传递path ref- 保持所有这些获取的图像对内存不利,并且根据大小和数量,可能很快导致问题.

一些例子:

func getAttendees(child: String, completion: (result: Bool, attendees: Array?) -> Void){

    let newArrayOfAttendees = []()

    // Get event attendees of particular event

    // process attendees and package into an Array (or Dictionary)

    // completion
    completion(true, attendees: newArrayOfAttendees)
}

func getAttendeesPictures(attendees: Array, completion: (result: Bool, attendees: Array)-> Void){

    println("Attendees Count: \(attendees.count)")

    let picturesGroup = dispatch_group_create()

    for attendee in attendees{

       // for each attendee enter group
       dispatch_group_enter(picturesGroup)

       let key = attendee.objectID

       let url = NSURL(string: "https://graph.facebook.com/\(key)/picture?type=large")

        let urlRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url!)

        //Asynchronous request to display image
        NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(urlRequest, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) { (response:NSURLResponse!, data:NSData!, error:NSError!) -> Void in
            if error != nil{
                println("Error: \(error)")
            }

            // Display the image
            let image = UIImage(data: data)
            if(image != nil){
               attendee.image = image
            }

            dispatch_group_leave(picturesGroup)
        }
    }

    dispatch_group_notify(picturesGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
         completion(true, attendees: attendees)
    }
}

func setupEvents(completion: (result: Bool, Event: Event) -> Void){

    // get event info and then for each event...

    getAttendees(child:snapshot.key, completion: { (result, attendeesReturned) in
        if result {
            self.getAttendeesPictures(attendees: attendeesReturned,         completion: { (result, attendees) in

              // do something with completed array and attendees


            }
        }
        else {

        }
    })

}

上面的代码只是一个大纲,但希望能指出正确的方向.

Answer 2

这两个请求同时执行，因此当第二个请求执行时没有与会者可以获取图片，如果getAttendees要多次调用完成闭包，那么您可以执行以下操作：

let group = dispatch_group_create()

for key in keys {
   dispatch_group_enter(group)
   self.getAttendee(key as String, completion:{ (result, attendee) in
      if(result == true){
         attendees.addEntriesFromDictionary(attendee)
         self.getAttendeesPictures(attendee, completion: { (result, image) in
           if result == true {
              attendeesImages.append(image!)
           }
           dispatch_group_leave(group)
         })
      } else {
         dispatch_group_leave(group)
      }            
   })
}

dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue()) {}

如果第一个请求的结果是完整的与会者集，您甚至不需要使用 GCD，只需getAttendeesPictures在完成闭包内调用即可。

该代码并不完全使用与原始代码相同的变量和方法，它仅给出了想法。

希望能帮助到你！