Pol*_*ase 25 r dplyr data.table
在datatable上还有其他关于行方式运算符的帖子.它们太简单或者解决了特定的场景
我的问题更通用.有一个使用dplyr的解决方案.我玩过但未能找到使用data.table语法的等效解决方案.您能否建议一个优雅的data.table解决方案,它可以重现与dplyr版本相同的结果?
编辑1:真实数据集上建议的解决方案的基准汇总(10MB,73000行,24个数字列上的统计数据).基准测试结果是主观的.但是,经过的时间始终可以重复.
| Solution By | Speed compared to dplyr |
|-------------|-----------------------------|
| Metrics v1 | 4.3 times SLOWER (use .SD) |
| Metrics v2 | 5.6 times FASTER |
| ExperimenteR| 15 times FASTER |
| Arun v1 | 3 times FASTER (Map func)|
| Arun v2 | 3 times FASTER (foo func)|
| Ista | 4.5 times FASTER |
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编辑2:我在第二天添加了NACount列.这就是为什么在各个贡献者建议的解决方案中找不到该列的原因.
数据设置
library(data.table)
dt <- data.table(ProductName = c("Lettuce", "Beetroot", "Spinach", "Kale", "Carrot"),
Country = c("CA", "FR", "FR", "CA", "CA"),
Q1 = c(NA, 61, 40, 54, NA), Q2 = c(22, 8, NA, 5, NA),
Q3 = c(51, NA, NA, 16, NA), Q4 = c(79, 10, 49, NA, NA))
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
# 1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79
# 2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10
# 3: Spinach FR 40 NA NA 49
# 4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA
# 5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA
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解决方案使用dplyr + rowwise()
library(dplyr) ; library(magrittr)
dt %>% rowwise() %>%
transmute(ProductName, Country, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4,
AVG = mean(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
MIN = min (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
MAX = max (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
SUM = sum (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
NAcnt= sum(is.na(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4))))
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 AVG MIN MAX SUM NAcnt
# 1 Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 50.66667 22 79 152 1
# 2 Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 26.33333 8 61 79 1
# 3 Spinach FR 40 NA NA 49 44.50000 40 49 89 2
# 4 Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 25.00000 5 54 75 1
# 5 Carrot CA NA NA NA NA NaN Inf -Inf 0 4
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ERROR with data.table(计算整列而不是每行)
dt[, .(ProductName, Country, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4,
AVG = mean(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
MIN = min (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
MAX = max (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
SUM = sum (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
NAcnt= sum(is.na(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4))))]
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 AVG MIN MAX SUM NAcnt
# 1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 35.90909 5 79 395 9
# 2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 35.90909 5 79 395 9
# 3: Spinach FR 40 NA NA 49 35.90909 5 79 395 9
# 4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 35.90909 5 79 395 9
# 5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA 35.90909 5 79 395 9
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ALMOST解决方案但更复杂,缺少Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4输出列
dtmelt <- reshape2::melt(dt, id=c("ProductName", "Country"),
variable.name="Quarter", value.name="Qty")
dtmelt[, .(AVG = mean(Qty, na.rm=TRUE),
MIN = min (Qty, na.rm=TRUE),
MAX = max (Qty, na.rm=TRUE),
SUM = sum (Qty, na.rm=TRUE),
NAcnt= sum(is.na(Qty))), by = list(ProductName, Country)]
# ProductName Country AVG MIN MAX SUM NAcnt
# 1: Lettuce CA 50.66667 22 79 152 1
# 2: Beetroot FR 26.33333 8 61 79 1
# 3: Spinach FR 44.50000 40 49 89 2
# 4: Kale CA 25.00000 5 54 75 1
# 5: Carrot CA NaN Inf -Inf 0 4
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Exp*_*teR 30
您可以使用包中的高效行方式功能matrixStats.
library(matrixStats)
dt[, `:=`(MIN = rowMins(as.matrix(.SD), na.rm=T),
MAX = rowMaxs(as.matrix(.SD), na.rm=T),
AVG = rowMeans(.SD, na.rm=T),
SUM = rowSums(.SD, na.rm=T)), .SDcols=c(Q1, Q2,Q3,Q4)]
dt
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 MIN MAX AVG SUM
# 1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 22 79 50.66667 152
# 2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 8 61 26.33333 79
# 3: Spinach FR 40 NA 79 49 40 79 56.00000 168
# 4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 5 54 25.00000 75
# 5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA Inf -Inf NaN 0
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对于具有500000行的数据集(使用data.table来自CRAN)
dt <- rbindlist(lapply(1:100000, function(i)dt))
system.time(dt[, `:=`(MIN = rowMins(as.matrix(.SD), na.rm=T),
MAX = rowMaxs(as.matrix(.SD), na.rm=T),
AVG = rowMeans(.SD, na.rm=T),
SUM = rowSums(.SD, na.rm=T)), .SDcols=c("Q1", "Q2","Q3","Q4")])
# user system elapsed
# 0.089 0.004 0.093
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rowwise(或by=1:nrow(dt))是"委婉语" for loop,例如
library(dplyr) ; library(magrittr)
system.time(dt %>% rowwise() %>%
transmute(ProductName, Country, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4,
MIN = min (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
MAX = max (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
AVG = mean(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE),
SUM = sum (c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), na.rm=TRUE)))
# user system elapsed
# 80.832 0.111 80.974
system.time(dt[, `:=`(AVG= mean(as.numeric(.SD),na.rm=TRUE),MIN = min(.SD, na.rm=TRUE),MAX = max(.SD, na.rm=TRUE),SUM = sum(.SD, na.rm=TRUE)),.SDcols=c("Q1", "Q2","Q3","Q4"),by=1:nrow(dt)] )
# user system elapsed
# 141.492 0.196 141.757
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Met*_*ics 13
使用by=1:nrow(dt),执行行中的操作data.table
library(data.table)
dt[, `:=`(AVG= mean(as.numeric(.SD),na.rm=TRUE),MIN = min(.SD, na.rm=TRUE),MAX = max(.SD, na.rm=TRUE),SUM = sum(.SD, na.rm=TRUE)),.SDcols=c(Q1, Q2,Q3,Q4),by=1:nrow(dt)]
ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 AVG MIN MAX SUM
1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 50.66667 22 79 152
2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 26.33333 8 61 79
3: Spinach FR 40 NA 79 49 56.00000 40 79 168
4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 25.00000 5 54 75
5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA NaN Inf -Inf 0
Warning messages:
1: In min(c(NA_real_, NA_real_, NA_real_, NA_real_), na.rm = TRUE) :
no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf
2: In max(c(NA_real_, NA_real_, NA_real_, NA_real_), na.rm = TRUE) :
no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
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您收到了警告消息,因为在第5行中,您正在计算最大值,总和,最小值和最大值.例如,见下文:
min(c(NA,NA,NA,NA),na.rm=TRUE)
[1] Inf
Warning message:
In min(c(NA, NA, NA, NA), na.rm = TRUE) :
no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf
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只是另一种方式(不是那么有效,na.omit()每次调用,以及许多内存分配):
require(data.table)
new_cols = c("MIN", "MAX", "SUM", "AVG")
dt[, (new_cols) := Map(function(x, f) f(x),
list(na.omit(c(Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4))),
list(min, max, sum, mean)),
by = 1:nrow(dt)]
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 MIN MAX SUM AVG
# 1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 22 79 152 50.66667
# 2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 8 61 79 26.33333
# 3: Spinach FR 40 NA 79 49 40 79 168 56.00000
# 4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 5 54 75 25.00000
# 5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA Inf -Inf 0 NaN
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但正如我所提到的,这将变得更简单一次colwise()并rowwise()实施.在这种情况下的语法可能类似于:
dt[, rowwise(.SD, list(MIN=min, MAX=max, SUM=sum, AVG=mean), na.rm=TRUE), by = 1:nrow(dt)]
# `by = ` is really not necessary in this case.
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对于这种情况甚至更直接:
rowwise(dt, list(...), na.rm=TRUE)
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编辑:
另一种变化:
myNACount <- function(x, ...) length(attributes(x)$na.action)
foo <- function(x, ...) {
funs = c(min, max, mean, sum, myNACount)
lapply(funs, function(f) f(x, ...))
}
dt[, (new_cols) := foo(na.omit(c(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)), na.rm=TRUE), by=1:nrow(dt)]
# ProductName Country Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 MIN MAX SUM AVG NAs
# 1: Lettuce CA NA 22 51 79 22 79 50.66667 152 1
# 2: Beetroot FR 61 8 NA 10 8 61 26.33333 79 1
# 3: Spinach FR 40 NA NA 49 40 49 44.50000 89 2
# 4: Kale CA 54 5 16 NA 5 54 25.00000 75 1
# 5: Carrot CA NA NA NA NA Inf -Inf NaN 0 4
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