如何在r中创建一个消除歧义字符串的唯一ID？

Question

我有一个包含三个变量(State,Zipcode,Name)的大型数据集.这里有一个小提取:

zz <- "State Zipcode Name
IL  60693 THISISTHEFIRST  
IL 60693 TISISTHEFIRS    
OH  45271 THISISTHEFIRST  
CA 94085 THISISTHESECOND  
CA 94085 THISISTHESECOND  
CA 94085 THISISTHESECCOND 
SC 29645 THISISTHETHIRD  
SC 29645 THISISTHETHIRD  
SC 29645 THISISTHETHIRD  
SC 29645 THISISTHEFOURTH  
SC 29645 ISISTHEFOURTH"

Data <- read.table(text=zz, header = TRUE)

我需要创建一个唯一的ID,用于以相同的State,Zipcode,Name为特征的观察.然而,有些名字拼写错误,即使它们确实代表同一主题(例如THISISTHEFIRST与TISISTHEFIRS)

我想最终得到这样的东西:

State Zipcode Name ID
IL 60693 THISISTHEFIRST 1
IL 60693 TISISTHEFIRS 1
OH 45271 THISISTHEFIRST 2
CA 94085 THISISTHESECOND 3
CA 94085 THISISTHESECOND 3
CA 94085 THISISTHESECCOND 3
WI 53022 THISISTHETHIRD 4
WI 53022 THISISTHETHIRD 4
WI 53022 THISISTHETHIRD 4
SC 29645 THISISTHEFOURTH 5
SC 29645 ISISTHEFOURTH 5

我怎样才能以快速有效的方式创建唯一ID？

Answer 1

你可以agrep使用模糊匹配做这样的事情.您可以使用编辑距离.

Data$bins <- sapply(Data$Name, function(n)
    paste(as.integer(agrepl(n, Data$Name, max.distance = 2)), collapse=""))
Data$Group <- as.integer(as.factor(Data$bins))

#    State Zipcode             Name        bins Group
# 1     IL   60693   THISISTHEFIRST 11100000000     4
# 2     IL   60693     TISISTHEFIRS 11100000000     4
# 3     OH   45271   THISISTHEFIRST 11100000000     4
# 4     CA   94085  THISISTHESECOND 00011100000     3
# 5     CA   94085  THISISTHESECOND 00011100000     3
# 6     CA   94085 THISISTHESECCOND 00011100000     3
# 7     SC   29645   THISISTHETHIRD 00000011100     2
# 8     SC   29645   THISISTHETHIRD 00000011100     2
# 9     SC   29645   THISISTHETHIRD 00000011100     2
# 10    SC   29645  THISISTHEFOURTH 00000000011     1
# 11    SC   29645    ISISTHEFOURTH 00000000011     1