从命令行对 .csv 进行排序

Question

我正在尝试按最后一列对这条线（整个美国的 2010 年人口普查区块人口密度）进行排序。

12001,2,1009,Alachua FL,29.65612,-82.327274,0.0005131,0.013289229,12,902.9869232

censusBlockDensities.csv （从评论移到这里）

17001,1,1010,Adams IL,39.960197,-91.373363,0.08861,00.037495258,23,613.41090336
17001,1,1020,Adams IL,39.955861,-91.354113,0.19038,0.493081936,2,4.05612100686
17001,1,1031,Adams IL,39.956978,-91.369,0.002268,0.005874093,0,0,22.8543955664
17001,1,1041,Adams IL,39.94333,-91.345319,0.000358,0.0009236128,0,0480.4506562
17001,1,1051,Adams IL,39.948201,-91.352052,0.213797,0.553731688,64,115.5794427

Answer 1

我假设有一个 unix shell（即 bash）。

阅读 sort 命令的手册页： man sort

从手册页：

环境指定的语言环境会影响排序顺序。设置 LC_ALL=C 以获取使用本机字节值的传统排序顺序。

export LC_ALL=C

sort -t , -k 10,10 -n censusBlockDensities.csv

标志说明：

-t ,: 指定逗号作为字段分隔符。

-k 10,10: 指定仅对第 10 个字段进行排序 (start,stop)（第一个字段为 1，而不是 0）。

KEYDEF 为 F[.C][OPTS][,F[.C][OPTS]] 开始和停止位置，其中 F 是字段编号，C 是字段中的字符位置；两者都是原点 1，停止位置默认为线的末端。如果 -t 和 -b 均无效，则字段中的字符从前一个空格的开头开始计数。OPTS 是一个或多个单字母排序选项 [bdfgiMhnRrV]，它会覆盖该键的全局排序选项。如果没有给出键，则使用整行作为键。

-n：执行数字排序而不是默认的字母数字排序（或者，将“n”添加到-k参数中，如下面的评论中所述）。

censusBlockDensities.csv

17001,1,1010,Adams IL,39.960197,-91.373363,0.08861,00.037495258,23,613.41090336
17001,1,1020,Adams IL,39.955861,-91.354113,0.19038,0.493081936,2,4.05612100686
17001,1,1031,Adams IL,39.956978,-91.369,0.002268,0.005874093,0,0,22.8543955664
17001,1,1041,Adams IL,39.94333,-91.345319,0.000358,0.0009236128,0,0480.4506562
17001,1,1051,Adams IL,39.948201,-91.352052,0.213797,0.553731688,64,115.5794427

输出：

17001,1,1020,Adams IL,39.955861,-91.354113,0.19038,0.493081936,2,4.05612100686
17001,1,1031,Adams IL,39.956978,-91.369,0.002268,0.005874093,0,0,22.8543955664
17001,1,1051,Adams IL,39.948201,-91.352052,0.213797,0.553731688,64,115.5794427
17001,1,1041,Adams IL,39.94333,-91.345319,0.000358,0.0009236128,0,0480.4506562
17001,1,1010,Adams IL,39.960197,-91.373363,0.08861,00.037495258,23,613.41090336

编辑：有用的评论表明我的答案有误。您还需要该-n标志来执行数字排序（默认为字母数字）。我已经修改了我的答案以包含它。您还可以通过尝试-r按相反顺序对标志进行排序来验证它是否正常工作。我还在参数中添加了停止字段索引-k 10，如另一篇文章所述。

此外，您应该检查输入文件以确保每行中的字段数相同：

awk '{print gsub(/,/,"")}' censusBlockDensities.csv

9
9
10 <-- the third record has an additional field
9
9