正则表达式验证URI

Question

如何生成仅匹配有效URI的正则表达式.URI的描述可以在这里找到:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI_scheme.它不需要提取任何部分,只需测试URI是否有效.

(首选格式为.Net RegularExpression)(.Net Version 1.1)

• 不需要检查已知的协议,只是一个有效的协议.

当前解决方案

^([a-zA-Z0-9+.-]+):(//([a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]*)@)?([a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]+)(:(\\d*))?(/?[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/]+)?(\\?[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]+)?(#[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]+)?$(:(\\d*))?(/?[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/]+)?(\?[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]+)?(\#[a-zA-Z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]+)?$

Answer 1

是否Uri.IsWellFormedUriString为你工作？

Answer 2

该URI规范说:

以下行是用于将格式正确的URI引用分解为其组件的正则表达式.

^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?

(我猜这是与另一个答案中给出的STD66链接相同的正则表达式.)

但是分解并没有验证.要正确验证URI,必须将URI的BNF转换为正则表达式.虽然有些BNF 不能表达为正则表达式,但我认为可以用它来表达.但不应该这样做 - 这将是一个巨大的混乱.最好使用库函数.

Answer 3

该网站看起来很有前途:http://snipplr.com/view/6889/regular-expressions-for-uri-validationparsing/

他们提出以下正则表达式:

/^([a-z0-9+.-]+):(?://(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)@)?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)(?::(\d*))?(/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?|(/?(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?)(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?$/i

Answer 4

我找到的最好和最权威的指南在这里:http://jmrware.com/articles/2009/uri_regexp/URI_regex.html(回答你的问题,请参阅URI表条目)

RFC3986中的所有这些规则在表2中再现,并且每个规则都有一个正则表达式实现.

这里有一个javascript实现:https://github.com/jhermsmeier/uri.regex

作为参考,URI正则表达式在下面重复:

# RFC-3986 URI component:  URI
[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+\-.]* :                                      # scheme ":"
(?: //                                                          # hier-part
  (?: (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* @)?
  (?:
    \[
    (?:
      (?:
        (?:                                                    (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)    {6}
        |                                                   :: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)    {5}
        | (?:                            [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? :: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)    {4}
        | (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,1} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? :: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)    {3}
        | (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,2} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? :: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)    {2}
        | (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,3} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? ::    [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:
        | (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,4} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? ::
        ) (?:
            [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4} : [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}
          | (?: (?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?) \.){3}
                (?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)
          )
      |   (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,5} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? ::    [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}
      |   (?: (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,6} [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})? ::
      )
    | [Vv][0-9A-Fa-f]+\.[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]+
    )
    \]
  | (?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}
       (?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)
  | (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})*
  )
  (?: : [0-9]* )?
  (?:/ (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* )*
| /
  (?:    (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})+
    (?:/ (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* )*
  )?
|        (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})+
    (?:/ (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* )*
|
)
(?:\? (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* )?   # [ "?" query ]
(?:\# (?:[A-Za-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})* )?   # [ "#" fragment ]

Answer 5

我根据 RFC 3986 ( https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986 )提出的最佳正则表达式如下：

// named groups
/^(?<scheme>[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]+):(?<authority>\/\/(?<user>[^@]+@)?(?<host>[a-z0-9.\-_~]+)(?<port>:\d+)?)?(?<path>(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])*)*|(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])+)*)?(?<query>\?(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@]|[/?])+)?(?<fragment>\#(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@]|[/?])+)?$/i

// unnamed groups
/^([a-z][a-z0-9+.-]+):(\/\/([^@]+@)?([a-z0-9.\-_~]+)(:\d+)?)?((?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])*)*|(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@])+)*)?(\?(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@]|[/?])+)?(\#(?:[a-z0-9-._~]|%[a-f0-9]|[!$&'()*+,;=:@]|[/?])+)?$/i

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