Mei*_*irG 2 perl google-authentication
我有一个类似批处理的应用程序,它由调度程序定期调用,不涉及任何人类用户。它使用 Perl Net::Google::Spreadsheets包通过从数据库获取的数据更新Google 表格电子表格中的某些单元格。
长期以来,只需向包的“新”方法提供用户名和密码即可轻松验证自身。但最近,谷歌要求我们使用 OAuth2 协议进行身份验证。
JT提供了一个解决方案,我确信它对许多比我知识渊博的人非常有帮助。但是,如果有人可以回答一些问题以澄清它,我将不胜感激,如下所示:
创建凭据:在 Google Developer Console 中创建项目并要求创建新的客户端 ID 后,您会看到三个选项:
五月的申请我应该选择哪一个?
我应该要求 JSON 还是 P12 密钥?
我如何处理我获得的各种类型的实体?我在 Perl 脚本中嵌入了什么?
在第 13 行,JT 评论说“您需要将代码放在这里并接收令牌”。什么样的代码?做什么?
由于没有人类用户,我需要应用程序自己完成完整的身份验证过程。JT 的代码提示用户输入“代码”。此代码是“凭证”实体之一吗?我该怎么做?
换句话说,我需要有人轻轻地引导我一步一步地完成整个过程。
谢谢各位!
梅尔G
我也不得不经历这个,一开始我不知道,所以我很乐意帮助解释它。以下是答案,但请随时要求澄清。基本上,您需要首先运行一个需要手动干预的脚本——这使您可以从 Google 获取访问令牌,然后您的类似批处理的脚本可以在没有人工干预的情况下反复使用。所以你必须在开始时跳过一些箍,但是一旦完成,你就准备好了。所以:
1b. 系统会要求您配置“同意屏幕”。你在这里放什么并不重要 - 只需给项目一个标题。
1c。对于“重定向 uri”,删除提供的“example.com”值并输入“https://developers.google.com/oauthplayground”。
忽略 JSON 和 P12 键;它们用于其他类型的应用程序。填写上述信息并单击“创建客户端 ID”后,您将看到一个页面(暂停后),其中显示了客户端 ID 和客户端密码。这些是您在下面的代码中需要的两个字符串。
下面的代码本质上与您在上面链接的解决方案相同(我非常依赖它),但我对其进行了编辑以更改一些内容,主要是为了提供有关正在发生的事情的更多信息。将客户端 ID 和客户端密码添加到下面的代码后,运行它。然后,您将完成以下步骤:
如果一切顺利,脚本将用该代码交换访问令牌,并将令牌保存在磁盘上。然后您的批处理脚本可以重复使用该令牌。
这是执行所有这些操作的扩展代码:
#!/usr/bin/perl
# Code to get a web-based token that can be stored
# and used later to authorize our spreadsheet access.
# Based on code from https://gist.github.com/hexaddikt/6738162
#-------------------------------------------------------------------
# To use this code:
# 1. Edit the lines below to put in your own
# client_id and client_secret from Google.
# 2. Run this script and follow the directions on
# the screen, which will give step you
# through the following steps:
# 3. Copy the URL printed out, and paste
# the URL in a browser to load the page.
# 4. On the resulting page, click OK (possibly
# after being asked to log in to your Google
# account).
# 5. You will be redirected to a page that provides
# a code that you should copy and paste back into the
# terminal window, so this script can exchange it for
# an access token from Google, and store the token.
# That will be the token the other spreadsheet access
# code can use.
use Net::Google::DataAPI::Auth::OAuth2;
use Net::Google::Spreadsheets;
use Storable; #to save and restore token for future use
use Term::Prompt;
# Provide the filename in which we will store the access
# token. This file will also need to be readable by the
# other script that accesses the spreadsheet and parses
# the contents.
my $session_filename = "stored_google_access.session";
# Code for accessing your Google account. The required client_id
# and client_secret can be found in your Google Developer's console
# page, as described in the detailed instruction document. This
# block of code will also need to appear in the other script that
# accesses the spreadsheet.
# Be sure to edit the lines below to fill in your correct client
# id and client secret!
my $oauth2 = Net::Google::DataAPI::Auth::OAuth2->new(
client_id => 'your_client_id.apps.googleusercontent.com',
client_secret => 'your_client_secret',
scope => ['http://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/'],
redirect_uri => 'https://developers.google.com/oauthplayground',
);
# We need to set these parameters this way in order to ensure
# that we get not only an access token, but also a refresh token
# that can be used to update it as needed.
my $url = $oauth2->authorize_url(access_type => 'offline',
approval_prompt => 'force');
# Give the user instructions on what to do:
print <<END
The following URL can be used to obtain an access token from
Google.
1. Copy the URL and paste it into a browser.
2. You may be asked to log into your Google account if you
were not logged in already in that browser. If so, go
ahead and log in to whatever account you want to have
access to the Google doc.
3. On the next page, click "Accept" when asked to grant access.
4. You will then be redirected to a page with a box in the
left-hand column labeled "Authorization code".
Copy the code in that box and come back here.
Here is the URL to paste in your browser to get the code:
$url
END
;
# Here is where we get the code from the user:
my $code = prompt('x', 'Paste the code obtained at the above URL here: ', '', '');
# Exchange the code for an access token:
my $token = $oauth2->get_access_token($code) or die;
# If we get to here, it worked! Report success:
print "\nToken obtained successfully!\n";
print "Here are the token contents (just FYI):\n\n";
print $token->to_string, "\n";
# Save the token for future use:
my $session = $token->session_freeze;
store($session, $session_filename);
print <<END2
Token successfully stored in file $session_filename.
Use that filename in your spreadsheet-access script to
load the token as needed for access to the spreadsheet data.
END2
;
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一旦你开始工作并将令牌存储在磁盘上,那么批处理脚本的开头可以像这样设置电子表格访问:
use Net::Google::Spreadsheets;
use Net::Google::DataAPI::Auth::OAuth2;
use Net::OAuth2::AccessToken;
use Storable;
# Authentication code based on example from gist at
# https://gist.github.com/hexaddikt/6738247
# Get the token that we saved previously in order to authenticate:
my $session_filename = "stored_google_access.session";
# Be sure to edit the lines below to fill in your correct client
# id and client secret!
my $oauth2 = Net::Google::DataAPI::Auth::OAuth2->new(
client_id => 'your_client_id.apps.googleusercontent.com',
client_secret => 'your_client_secret',
scope => ['http://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/'],
redirect_uri => 'https://developers.google.com/oauthplayground',
);
# Deserialize the file so we can thaw the session and reuse the refresh token
my $session = retrieve($sessionfile);
my $restored_token = Net::OAuth2::AccessToken->session_thaw($session,
auto_refresh => 1,
profile => $oauth2->oauth2_webserver,
);
$oauth2->access_token($restored_token);
# Now we can use this token to access the spreadsheets
# in our account:
my $service = Net::Google::Spreadsheets->new(
auth => $oauth2);
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