如何从build.gradle中包含的外部jar的传递依赖项中排除包？

Question

我在build.gradle中包含了以下依赖项:

testCompile group: 'com.xebialabs.restito', name: 'restito', version:'0.5.1'

但是对于这个jar,其他依赖项如jersey-core-1.18.3.jar也包括在内.

现在我想要这个jersey jar但是它还有一个包javax.ws.rs.core,其中包含与我在build.gradle中明确包含的最新版本的javax.ws.rs.core冲突的类.

有什么办法可以只从传递依赖中排除特定的包而不是整个依赖.我是一个新手,所以如果使用了不正确的术语,请纠正我.

当我运行以下命令时:

gradlew dependencies --configuration testCompile

它给了我以下依赖树.此处仅显示相关部分

testCompile - Compile classpath for source set 'test'.

+--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:3.0.3
|    +--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.0.3 (*)
|    +--- javax.ws.rs:javax.ws.rs-api:2.0.1
|    +--- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2
|    \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-transports-http:3.0.3 (*)
+--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-rs-service-description:3.0.0-milestone1
|    \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:3.0.0-milestone1 -> 3.0.3 (*)
+--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-jaxrs:1.9.13
|    +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.13
|    \--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.13
|         \--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.13
+--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.12 -> 1.9.13 (*)
+--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.4.1.2
|    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.4.0
|    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.4.1.1
\--- com.xebialabs.restito:restito:0.5.1
     +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.5 -> 1.7.7
     +--- org.mockito:mockito-core:1.10.17
     |    +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
     |    \--- org.objenesis:objenesis:2.1
     +--- org.apache.mina:mina-core:2.0.4
     |    \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.7
     +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http-server:2.3.17
     |    \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.3.17
     |         \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-framework:2.3.17
     +--- junit:junit:4.12
     |    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
     \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-grizzly2:1.18.3
          +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.2.16 -> 2.3.17 (*)
          +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http-server:2.2.16 -> 2.3.17 (*)
          \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.3
               \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3

(*) - dependencies omitted (listed previously)

现在课程Response在javax.ws.rs:javax.ws.rs-api:2.0.1包下javax.ws.rs.core.同样,包中还有另一个Response类.但后者包含早期版本,没有在rs-api 2.0中引入的方法.我的项目中的依赖项总是被解析为早期版本.com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3javax.ws.rs.corereadEntity()Response

Answer 1

引用gradle用户指南部分关于排除传递依赖关系:

您可以通过配置或依赖项排除传递依赖关系:

例50.14

configurations {
    compile.exclude module: 'commons'
    all*.exclude group: 'org.gradle.test.excludes', module: 'reports'
}

dependencies {
    compile("org.gradle.test.excludes:api:1.0") {
    exclude module: 'shared'
    }
}

回到您的情况,您可以简单地采用上述方法之一,并将示例中的模块替换为您要排除的模块,例如

configurations {
    testCompile.exclude group: 'javax.ws.rs', module: 'jsr311-api'
}

更新(根据提供的其他详细信息)

您需要做的是在脚本中添加以下行

configurations {
  testCompile.exclude group: 'com.sun.jersey', module: 'jersey-core'
}

考虑以下最小build.gradle脚本:

apply plugin:'java'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

configurations {
  // Excluding com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3, option #1: 
  // compile.exclude group: 'com.sun.jersey', module: 'jersey-core'
}

dependencies {
    compile "org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:3.0.3"
    compile ("com.sun.jersey:jersey-grizzly2:1.18.3") {
      // Excluding com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3, option #2: 
      // exclude group: 'com.sun.jersey', module: 'jersey-core'
    }
}

现在,上面的文件正在运行,gradlew dependencies --configuration testCompile你将获得下一个依赖树:

+--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:3.0.3
|    +--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.0.3
|    |    +--- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:4.4.1
|    |    |    \--- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:3.1.4
|    |    \--- org.apache.ws.xmlschema:xmlschema-core:2.1.0
|    +--- javax.ws.rs:javax.ws.rs-api:2.0.1
|    +--- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2
|    \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-transports-http:3.0.3
|         \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.0.3 (*)
\--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-grizzly2:1.18.3
     +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.2.16
     |    \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-framework:2.2.16
     +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http-server:2.2.16
     |    +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.2.16 (*)
     |    \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-rcm:2.2.16
     |         \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-framework:2.2.16
     \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.3
          \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3

请注意,它com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.3被列为传递依赖项.现在,取消注释任一排除选项并重新运行相同的命令,您将获得包含此模块的以下输出:

+--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:3.0.3
|    +--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.0.3
|    |    +--- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:4.4.1
|    |    |    \--- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:3.1.4
|    |    \--- org.apache.ws.xmlschema:xmlschema-core:2.1.0
|    +--- javax.ws.rs:javax.ws.rs-api:2.0.1
|    +--- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2
|    \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-transports-http:3.0.3
|         \--- org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.0.3 (*)
\--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-grizzly2:1.18.3
     +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.2.16
     |    \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-framework:2.2.16
     +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http-server:2.2.16
     |    +--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-http:2.2.16 (*)
     |    \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-rcm:2.2.16
     |         \--- org.glassfish.grizzly:grizzly-framework:2.2.16
     \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.3