如何在java中打印完整的堆栈跟踪

Question

我想读取我捕获的异常的完整堆栈跟踪.

例如:

org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot load JDBC driver class 'com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver'
 at org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1136)
 at org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:880)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.ConnectionManager.getConnection(ConnectionManager.java:65)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.db2.UsuarioDAOImpl.autenticar(UsuarioDAOImpl.java:101)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.UsuarioServiceImpl.autenticar(UsuarioServiceImpl.java:31)
 at com.azurian.lce.web.admin.actions.LoginAction.execute(LoginAction.java:49)
 at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:484)
 at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:274)
 at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1482)
 at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:525)
 at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637)
 at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
 at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
 at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
 at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:852)
 at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
 at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: COM.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver
 at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
 at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
 at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
 at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
 at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
 at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(Unknown Source)
 at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
 at java.lang.Class.forName(Unknown Source)
 at org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1130)
 ... 23 more

我想阅读"...... 23以上"以查看异常的来源.

Answer 1

答案很简单,那些行已经在stacktrace :)

 at org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:880)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.ConnectionManager.getConnection(ConnectionManager.java:65)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.db2.UsuarioDAOImpl.autenticar(UsuarioDAOImpl.java:101)
 at com.azurian.lce.usuarios.UsuarioServiceImpl.autenticar(UsuarioServiceImpl.java:31)
 at com.azurian.lce.web.admin.actions.LoginAction.execute(LoginAction.java:49)
 at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:484)
 at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:274)
 at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1482)
 at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:525)
 at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637)
 at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
 at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
 at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
 at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:852)
 at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
 at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

基本上,以下情况发生在BasicDataSource#createDataSource():

try {
    Class.forName(driverClassName); // Line 1130
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    throw new SQLNestedException(e, "Cannot load JDBC driver class '" + driverClassName + "'"); // Line 1136
}

Answer 2

BalusC是对的.请参见:http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html#printStackTrace()

特别是:

请注意是否存在包含字符"..."的行.这些行表示此异常的堆栈跟踪的剩余部分匹配由此异常("封闭"异常)引起的异常的堆栈跟踪底部的指示帧数.这种简写可以大大减少输出的长度,在这种情况下,从捕获"致使异常"的同一方法抛出包装异常.

在您的示例中,这意味着:

BasicDataSource.java第1136 ClassNotFoundException行在1130 线引起了轰炸并将其重新加入SQLNestedException.因此,ClassNotFoundException上面的SQLNestedException与stacktrace匹配的堆栈跟踪的其余部分以这种更简洁的格式打印.

Answer 3

当外部异常(SQLNestedException)包装内部异常(ClassNotFoundError)时,它们位于同一个线程上,因此共享一个公共基础到它们的堆栈跟踪.

(23更多......)显示了内部异常的公共堆栈的开始位置,也就是外部异常被抛出的位置.所以,每当你看到(XX更多......)时,只需查看上面的异常即可查看堆栈跟踪的其余部分.

如果要以编程方式打印堆栈跟踪而不使用常用跟踪的省略号,则可以使用Throwable.getStackTrace()并自行打印出所有元素.

Answer 4

试试吧.这个逻辑循环遍历主要异常及其所有原因,直到没有更多的cause(cause == null)离开进行处理.这样你可以避免另外23条消息.我还没有测试过这个,但我相信这应该适合你.

BTW - logWriter是一个缓冲的编写器.您可能希望使用System.out.print或任何其他日志记录API.

public static void debugError(final String message, final Throwable th) {
    final String logMessage = "[ERROR] - " + message;

    try {
        logWriter.write(logMessage);
        logWriter.newLine();

        // dump exception stack if specified
        if (null != th) {
            final StackTraceElement[] traces = th.getStackTrace();
            if (null != traces && traces.length > 0) {
                logWriter.write(th.getClass() + ": " + th.getMessage());
                logWriter.newLine();

                for (final StackTraceElement trace : traces) {
                    logWriter.write("    at " + trace.getClassName() + '.' + trace.getMethodName() + '(' + trace.getFileName() + ':' + trace.getLineNumber() + ')');
                    logWriter.newLine();
                }
            }

            Throwable cause = th.getCause();
            while (null != cause) {
                final StackTraceElement[] causeTraces = cause.getStackTrace();
                if (null != causeTraces && causeTraces.length > 0) {
                    logWriter.write("Caused By:");
                    logWriter.newLine();
                    logWriter.write(cause.getClass() + ": " + cause.getMessage());
                    logWriter.newLine();

                    for (final StackTraceElement causeTrace : causeTraces) {
                        logWriter.write("    at " + causeTrace.getClassName() + '.' + causeTrace.getMethodName() + '(' + causeTrace.getFileName() + ':' + causeTrace.getLineNumber() + ')');
                        logWriter.newLine();
                    }
                }

                // fetch next cause
                cause = cause.getCause();
            }
        }
    } catch (final IOException ex) {
        System.err.println(logMessage);

        if (null != th) {
            th.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}