朋友,模板,重载<<链接器错误

Question

我对之前的帖子有一些很好的见解,但是我不知道这些编译错误意味着我可以使用一些助手.模板,朋友和重载都是新的,所以三合一给我一些问题......

1>main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Point<double>::Point<double>(double,double)" (??0?$Point@N@@QAE@NN@Z) referenced in function _main
1>main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Point<int>::Point<int>(int,int)" (??0?$Point@H@@QAE@HH@Z) referenced in function _main
1>C3_HW8.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 3 unresolved externals

Point.h

#ifndef POINT_H
#define POINT_H

#include <iostream>

template <class T>
class Point
{
public:
 Point();
 Point(T xCoordinate, T yCoordinate);
 template <class G>
 friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, const Point<G> &aPoint);

private:
 T xCoordinate;
 T yCoordinate;
};

#endif

Point.cpp

#include "Point.h"

template <class T>
Point<T>::Point() : xCoordinate(0), yCoordinate(0)
{}

template <class T>
Point<T>::Point(T xCoordinate, T yCoordinate) : xCoordinate(xCoordinate), yCoordinate(yCoordinate)
{}


template <class G>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, const Point<G> &aPoint)
{
 std::cout << "(" << aPoint.xCoordinate << ", " << aPoint.yCoordinate << ")";
 return out;
}

main.cpp中

#include <iostream>
#include "Point.h"

int main()

    {
     Point<int> i(5, 4);
     Point<double> *j = new Point<double> (5.2, 3.3);
     std::cout << i << j;
    }

Answer 1

对于大多数编译器,您需要将模板放在标头中,因此编译器可以看到它们的使用位置.如果你真的想避免这种情况,你可以在必要的类型上使用模板的显式实例化,但是将它们放在标题中更为常见.