mar*_*rio 26 python pygtk glib gettext pyz
是否有一个既定的方法嵌入的gettext locale/xy/LC_MESSAGES/*在PYZ捆绑？特别是让Gtks自动小部件翻译从 ZIP存档中获取它们.
对于其他嵌入式资源pkgutil.get_deta或inspect/ get_source工作得足够好.但系统和 Python gettext API依赖于bindtextdomain提供一个简单的旧localedir; 没有资源或字符串等
所以我无法设计一个可行的甚至是远程实用的解决方法:
虚拟gvfs/ gio路径
现在使用archive://file%3A%2F%2Fmypkg.pyz%2Fmessages%2FIRI可以直接从zip读取其他文件.但是glibs g_dgettext仍然只是系统库的一个薄包装器.因此,任何此类URL都不能用作localedir.
部分提取拉链
这就是我认为PyInstaller的工作方式.但是将.pyz应用程序捆绑在一起当然有点荒谬,只是在每次调用时都预先提取.
Userland gettext .mo/ .poextraction
现在手动读取消息目录或者只是使用普通的dicts来代替它.但仅适用于应用程序中的字符串.再也没办法让Gtk/GtkBuilder暗中接他们了.
因此,我不得不手动遍历整个小部件树,标签,文本,内部小部件,markup_text等.可能,但是meh.
FUSE安装
这将是超薄的.但是当然,拉链内容可以被访问gvfs-mount等等.就好像是某种记忆力.而且我怀疑它会保持可靠性,例如两个应用程序实例正在运行,或者之前的不正确终止.(就像dunno一样,由于系统库,比如gettext,在一个脆弱的拉链保险丝点上磕磕绊绊......)
用于翻译的Gtk信号/事件(？)
我发现蹲下了,所以我有点确定在Gtk/PyGtk/GI中没有替代机制来进行小部件翻译.Gtk/Builder期望并与 gettext相关联.
是否有更可靠的方法？
这是我的示例 Glade/GtkBuilder/Gtk 应用程序。我定义了一个函数xml_gettext，它可以透明地转换glade xml 文件并gtk.Builder作为字符串传递给实例。
import mygettext as gettext
import os
import sys
import gtk
from gtk import glade
glade_xml = '''<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
<!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.0 -->
<object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<signal name="delete-event" handler="onDeleteWindow" swapped="no"/>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">Welcome to Python!</property>
<property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
<property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
<signal name="pressed" handler="onButtonPressed" swapped="no"/>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>'''
class Handler:
def onDeleteWindow(self, *args):
gtk.main_quit(*args)
def onButtonPressed(self, button):
print('locale: {}\nLANGUAGE: {}'.format(
gettext.find('myapp','locale'),os.environ['LANGUAGE']))
def main():
builder = gtk.Builder()
translated_xml = gettext.xml_gettext(glade_xml)
builder.add_from_string(translated_xml)
builder.connect_signals(Handler())
window = builder.get_object("window1")
window.show_all()
gtk.main()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
我已将我的语言环境目录存档到其中，locale.zip该目录包含在pyz捆绑包中。
这是内容locale.zip
(u'/locale/fr_FR/LC_MESSAGES/myapp.mo',
u'/locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/myapp.mo',
u'/locale/en_IN/LC_MESSAGES/myapp.mo')
为了使 locale.zip 作为文件系统，我使用fs中的 ZipFS 。
幸运的是，Pythongettext不是 GNU gettext。gettext是纯Python，它不使用GNU gettext，而是模仿它。gettext有两个核心功能find和translation。我在一个名为 的单独模块中重新定义了这两个模块mygettext，以使它们使用ZipFS.
gettext使用os.path、os.path.exists和open查找文件并打开它们，我用等效的表单fs模块替换它们。
这是我的申请内容。
pyzzer.pyz -i glade_v1.pyz
# A zipped Python application
# Built with pyzzer
Archive contents:
glade_dist/glade_example.py
glade_dist/locale.zip
glade_dist/__init__.py
glade_dist/mygettext.py
__main__.py
因为pyz文件前面有文本（通常是 shebang），所以在pyz以二进制模式打开文件后我会跳过这一行。应用程序中想要使用该gettext.gettext函数的其他模块应该导入zfs_gettextfrommygettext并将其作为 的别名_。
开始mygettext.py。
from errno import ENOENT
from gettext import _expand_lang, _translations, _default_localedir
from gettext import GNUTranslations, NullTranslations
import gettext
import copy
import os
import sys
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
import zipfile
import fs
from fs.zipfs import ZipFS
zfs = None
if zipfile.is_zipfile(sys.argv[0]):
try:
myself = open(sys.argv[0],'rb')
next(myself)
zfs = ZipFS(ZipFS(myself,'r').open('glade_dist/locale.zip','rb'))
except:
pass
else:
try:
zfs = ZipFS('locale.zip','r')
except:
pass
if zfs:
os.path = fs.path
os.path.exists = zfs.exists
open = zfs.open
def find(domain, localedir=None, languages=None, all=0):
# Get some reasonable defaults for arguments that were not supplied
if localedir is None:
localedir = _default_localedir
if languages is None:
languages = []
for envar in ('LANGUAGE', 'LC_ALL', 'LC_MESSAGES', 'LANG'):
val = os.environ.get(envar)
if val:
languages = val.split(':')
break
if 'C' not in languages:
languages.append('C')
# now normalize and expand the languages
nelangs = []
for lang in languages:
for nelang in _expand_lang(lang):
if nelang not in nelangs:
nelangs.append(nelang)
# select a language
if all:
result = []
else:
result = None
for lang in nelangs:
if lang == 'C':
break
mofile = os.path.join(localedir, lang, 'LC_MESSAGES', '%s.mo' % domain)
mofile_lp = os.path.join("/usr/share/locale-langpack", lang,
'LC_MESSAGES', '%s.mo' % domain)
# first look into the standard locale dir, then into the
# langpack locale dir
# standard mo file
if os.path.exists(mofile):
if all:
result.append(mofile)
else:
return mofile
# langpack mofile -> use it
if os.path.exists(mofile_lp):
if all:
result.append(mofile_lp)
else:
return mofile
# langpack mofile -> use it
if os.path.exists(mofile_lp):
if all:
result.append(mofile_lp)
else:
return mofile_lp
return result
def translation(domain, localedir=None, languages=None,
class_=None, fallback=False, codeset=None):
if class_ is None:
class_ = GNUTranslations
mofiles = find(domain, localedir, languages, all=1)
if not mofiles:
if fallback:
return NullTranslations()
raise IOError(ENOENT, 'No translation file found for domain', domain)
# Avoid opening, reading, and parsing the .mo file after it's been done
# once.
result = None
for mofile in mofiles:
key = (class_, os.path.abspath(mofile))
t = _translations.get(key)
if t is None:
with open(mofile, 'rb') as fp:
t = _translations.setdefault(key, class_(fp))
# Copy the translation object to allow setting fallbacks and
# output charset. All other instance data is shared with the
# cached object.
t = copy.copy(t)
if codeset:
t.set_output_charset(codeset)
if result is None:
result = t
else:
result.add_fallback(t)
return result
def xml_gettext(xml_str):
root = ET.fromstring(xml_str)
labels = root.findall('.//*[@name="label"][@translatable="yes"]')
for label in labels:
label.text = _(label.text)
return ET.tostring(root)
gettext.find = find
gettext.translation = translation
_ = zfs_gettext = gettext.gettext
gettext.bindtextdomain('myapp','locale')
gettext.textdomain('myapp')
以下两个不应被调用，因为glade不使用 Python gettext。
glade.bindtextdomain('myapp','locale')
glade.textdomain('myapp')