alv*_*vas 11 python install pip cairo python-cffi
如何安装cairocffi过pip？
cairocffi是一个基于CFFI降的替代产品Pycairo https://github.com/SimonSapin/cairocffi.
我正在尝试在Ubuntu 14.04上安装它:
alvas@ubi:~$ cat /etc/*-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=trusty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="14.04.2 LTS, Trusty Tahr"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="14.04"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
我尝试使用标准pip命令进行安装,但我得到了这个:
$ sudo pip install cairocffi
The directory '/home/alvas/.cache/pip/log' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the debug log has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/alvas/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/alvas/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting cairocffi
Downloading cairocffi-0.6.tar.gz (75kB)
100% |????????????????????????????????| 77kB 34kB/s
Collecting cffi>=0.6 (from cairocffi)
Downloading cffi-0.9.2.tar.gz (209kB)
100% |????????????????????????????????| 212kB 97kB/s
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pycparser in /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (from cffi>=0.6->cairocffi)
Installing collected packages: cffi, cairocffi
Running setup.py install for cffi
Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-d3kjzf__/cffi/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ll323a3c-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/gc_weakref.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/c
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/usr/include/python3.4m -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:13:17: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
#include <ffi.h>
^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-d3kjzf__/cffi/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ll323a3c-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-d3kjzf__/cffi
我手动检查了权限,我意识到没有写访问权限.为什么会这样？为什么sudo不会覆盖权限？
$ ls -la .cache/pip/log/
total 60
drwxrwxr-x 2 alvas alvas 4096 Feb 3 10:51 .
drwx------ 4 alvas alvas 4096 Apr 12 23:16 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 alvas alvas 49961 Apr 12 23:18 debug.log
当我尝试时sudo -H pip install cairoffi,我得到了:
sudo -H pip install cairocffi
Collecting cairocffi
Using cached cairocffi-0.6.tar.gz
Collecting cffi>=0.6 (from cairocffi)
Downloading cffi-0.9.2.tar.gz (209kB)
100% |????????????????????????????????| 212kB 29kB/s
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pycparser in /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (from cffi>=0.6->cairocffi)
Installing collected packages: cffi, cairocffi
Running setup.py install for cffi
Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-2sv6pbsp/cffi/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-xk4kkjrj-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/gc_weakref.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/c
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/usr/include/python3.4m -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:13:17: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
#include <ffi.h>
^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-2sv6pbsp/cffi/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-xk4kkjrj-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-2sv6pbsp/cffi
正如@MattDMo建议的那样,我已经尝试了apt-get install libffi但它仍然无法解决:
alvas@ubi:~$ sudo apt-get install libffi libffi-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package libffi
但是libffi包管理器上没有任何内容,所以我尝试过libffi-dev:
alvas@ubi:~$ sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libffi-dev
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 99.8 kB of archives.
After this operation, 323 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libffi-dev amd64 3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12 [99.8 kB]
Fetched 99.8 kB in 1s (76.3 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libffi-dev:amd64.
(Reading database ... 492855 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libffi-dev_3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libffi-dev:amd64 (3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for doc-base (0.10.5) ...
Processing 1 added doc-base file...
Processing triggers for install-info (5.2.0.dfsg.1-2) ...
Setting up libffi-dev:amd64 (3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12) ...
它安装libffi-dev成功但cairoffi仍未安装:
alvas@ubi:~$ sudo -H pip install cairoffi
Collecting cairoffi
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement cairoffi (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for cairoffi
alvas@ubi:~$ sudo -H pip3 install cairoffi
Collecting cairoffi
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement cairoffi (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for cairoffi
Mat*_*DMo 14
它在错误消息中是正确的:
No package 'libffi' found
在安装工作之前,您需要安装libffi并libffi-dev通过您的发行版的软件包管理器(,等等).从平台到平台,它们的名称可能略有不同.yumapt-getpip
A T*_*A T 14
即使libffi6 libffi-dev已安装，也无法使其工作。终于让它与：
pip3 install -U pip
pip3 install -U setuptools
pip3 install --no-cache-dir cairocffi
--no-cache-dir是诀窍，感谢：https : //github.com/Kozea/cairocffi/issues/125#issuecomment-476295293