如何在Windows上安装lxml

Question

我正在尝试lmxl使用Python 3.4在我的Windows 8.1笔记本电脑上安装并且惨遭失败.

首先,我尝试了简单明了的解决方案:pip install lxml.但是,这不起作用.这是它说的:

Downloading/unpacking lxml
  Running setup.py (path:C:\Users\CARTE_~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_carte_000\lxml\setup.py) egg_info for package lxml
    Building lxml version 3.4.2.
    Building without Cython.
    ERROR: b"'xslt-config' is not recognized as an internal or external command,\r\noperable program or batch file.\r\n"
    ** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **

    Using build configuration of libxslt
    C:\Python34\lib\distutils\dist.py:260: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'
      warnings.warn(msg)

    warning: no previously-included files found matching '*.py'
Installing collected packages: lxml
  Running setup.py install for lxml
    Building lxml version 3.4.2.
    Building without Cython.
    ERROR: b"'xslt-config' is not recognized as an internal or external command,\r\noperable program or batch file.\r\n"
    ** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **

    Using build configuration of libxslt
    building 'lxml.etree' extension
    C:\Python34\lib\distutils\dist.py:260: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat
    Complete output from command C:\Python34\python.exe -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\CARTE_~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip_build_carte_000\\lxml\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\CARTE_~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-l8vvrv9g-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    Building lxml version 3.4.2.

Building without Cython.

ERROR: b"'xslt-config' is not recognized as an internal or external command,\r\noperable program or batch file.\r\n"

** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **



Using build configuration of libxslt

running install

running build

running build_py

creating build

creating build\lib.win32-3.4

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\builder.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\cssselect.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\doctestcompare.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\ElementInclude.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\pyclasslookup.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\sax.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\usedoctest.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\_elementpath.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\builder.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\clean.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\defs.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\diff.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\ElementSoup.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\formfill.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\html5parser.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\soupparser.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\usedoctest.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\_diffcommand.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\_html5builder.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\_setmixin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

copying src\lxml\html\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\html

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron

copying src\lxml\lxml.etree.h -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\lxml.etree_api.h -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml

copying src\lxml\includes\c14n.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\config.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\dtdvalid.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\etreepublic.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\htmlparser.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\relaxng.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\schematron.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\tree.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\uri.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xinclude.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xmlerror.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xmlparser.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xmlschema.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xpath.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\xslt.pxd -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\etree_defs.h -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

copying src\lxml\includes\lxml-version.h -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\includes

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng\iso-schematron.rng -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\RNG2Schtrn.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\XSD2Schtrn.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

creating build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_abstract_expand.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_dsdl_include.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_schematron_message.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_schematron_skeleton_for_xslt1.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_svrl_for_xslt1.xsl -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\readme.txt -> build\lib.win32-3.4\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

running build_ext

building 'lxml.etree' extension

C:\Python34\lib\distutils\dist.py:260: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'

  warnings.warn(msg)

error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command C:\Python34\python.exe -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\CARTE_~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip_build_carte_000\\lxml\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\CARTE_~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-l8vvrv9g-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in C:\Users\CARTE_~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_carte_000\lxml
Storing debug log for failure in C:\Users\carte_000\pip\pip.log

那么我就看到了这个伟大而有用的东西,称为互联网,很多人都有同样的需要libxml2和错误libxlst.他们推荐了一个名叫Christoph Gohlke的页面,他为一堆软件包提供了某种二元东西.你可以在这里找到它(快速链接到lxml部分).

所以在我放弃尝试为pip找到libxml2和libxslt之后,我决定去那里,并发现了绝对的下载量.我知道我需要一个64位的,但我不知道cp我需要哪个.

所以给我一个解决pip方法或Gohlke索引方法的答案会很棒.

Answer 1

或者您也可以访问Christoph的Gohlke的Python页面,然后下载正确的lxml文件.(一般来说,因为我使用python 3.4并且我有一个窗口,所以我下载了lxml-3.4.4-cp34-none-win32.whl)

转到它所在的文件夹.单击后台(所以没有选择任何内容),然后leftshift +同时右键单击并单击打开命令窗口.然后输入C:/ Python34/Scripts/pip install"你刚刚下载的文件的名称."

在这种情况下,它将是C:/ Python34/Scripts/pip install"lxml-3.4.4-cp34-none-win32.whl"

现在点击进入.这对我来说效果很好,输入报价后你也可以按Tab键,它应该为你填写合适的报价.

Answer 2

首先,在评论之后,我下载了lxml-3.4.2-cp34-none-win_amd64.whl文件并尝试用a打开它pip install,但它只是告诉我它不是我系统上的有效轮盘文件或其他东西.

然后,我下载了win_32文件,它工作了!也许是因为我有一台英特尔处理器而且毫不奇怪,AMD64只适用于AMD处理器.

Answer 3

看起来像 2018 年的今天，lxml可以从 PyPI 安装：

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C:\\Users\\Administrator>"c:\\Program Files\\Python37\\python.exe" -m pip install -U pip wheel setuptools\nCollecting pip\n  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/d7/90f34cb0d83a6c5631cf71dfe64cc1054598c843a92b400e55675cc2ac37/pip-18.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)\n    100% |\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88| 1.3MB 3.3MB/s\nCollecting wheel\n  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5a/9b/6aebe9e2636d35d1a93772fa644c828303e1d5d124e8a88f156f42ac4b87/wheel-0.32.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl\nCollecting setuptools\n  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/96/06/c8ee69628191285ddddffb277bd5abdf769166e7a14b867c2a172f0175b1/setuptools-40.4.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (569kB)\n    100% |\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88| 573kB 2.9MB/s\nInstalling collected packages: pip, wheel, setuptools\n  Found existing installation: pip 10.0.1\n    Uninstalling pip-10.0.1:\n      Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1\n  The script wheel.exe is installed in \'c:\\Program Files\\Python37\\Scripts\' which is not on PATH.\n  Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.\n  Found existing installation: setuptools 39.0.1\n    Uninstalling setuptools-39.0.1:\n      Successfully uninstalled setuptools-39.0.1\nSuccessfully installed pip-18.1 setuptools-40.4.3 wheel-0.32.2\n\nC:\\Users\\Administrator>pip install lxml\nCollecting lxml\n  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d7/9d/1aa28aa9d293a816baec6c37328d6465b722b2ff3f4d1e93ed56e87813ee/lxml-4.2.5-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl (3.6MB)\n    100% |\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88\xe2\x96\x88| 3.6MB 1.6MB/s\nInstalling collected packages: lxml\nSuccessfully installed lxml-4.2.5\n\nC:\\Users\\Administrator>python\nPython 3.7.1 (v3.7.1:260ec2c36a, Oct 20 2018, 14:57:15) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32\nType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.\n>>> from io import BytesIO\n>>> some_file_or_file_like_object = BytesIO(b"<root>data</root>")\n>>> from lxml import etree\n>>> tree = etree.parse(some_file_or_file_like_object)\n>>> etree.tostring(tree)\nb\'<root>data</root>\'\n

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