使用我自己的语料库而不是movie_reviews语料库在NLTK中进行分类

Question

我使用以下代码,并使用NLTK/Python中的电影评论语料库进行分类

import string
from itertools import chain
from nltk.corpus import movie_reviews as mr
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
from nltk.probability import FreqDist
from nltk.classify import NaiveBayesClassifier as nbc
import nltk

stop = stopwords.words('english')
documents = [([w for w in mr.words(i) if w.lower() not in stop and w.lower() not in string.punctuation], i.split('/')[0]) for i in mr.fileids()]

word_features = FreqDist(chain(*[i for i,j in documents]))
word_features = word_features.keys()[:100]

numtrain = int(len(documents) * 90 / 100)
train_set = [({i:(i in tokens) for i in word_features}, tag) for tokens,tag in documents[:numtrain]]
test_set = [({i:(i in tokens) for i in word_features}, tag) for tokens,tag  in documents[numtrain:]]

classifier = nbc.train(train_set)
print nltk.classify.accuracy(classifier, test_set)
classifier.show_most_informative_features(5)

输出:

0.655
Most Informative Features
                 bad = True              neg : pos    =      2.0 : 1.0
              script = True              neg : pos    =      1.5 : 1.0
               world = True              pos : neg    =      1.5 : 1.0
             nothing = True              neg : pos    =      1.5 : 1.0
                 bad = False             pos : neg    =      1.5 : 1.0

我想创建自己的文件夹,而不是movie_reviews在nltk中,并将自己的文件放在其中.

Answer 1

如果您的数据与movie_reviewNLTK中的语料库完全相同,则有两种方法可以"破解"您的方式:

1.将您的语料库目录放入保存位置 nltk.data

首先检查您nltk.data保存的位置:

>>> import nltk
>>> nltk.data.find('corpora/movie_reviews')
FileSystemPathPointer(u'/home/alvas/nltk_data/corpora/movie_reviews')

然后将目录移动到nltk_data/corpora保存位置的位置:

# Let's make a test corpus like `nltk.corpus.movie_reviews`
~$ mkdir my_movie_reviews
~$ mkdir my_movie_reviews/pos
~$ mkdir my_movie_reviews/neg
~$ echo "This is a great restaurant." > my_movie_reviews/pos/1.txt
~$ echo "Had a great time at chez jerome." > my_movie_reviews/pos/2.txt
~$ echo "Food fit for the ****" > my_movie_reviews/neg/1.txt
~$ echo "Slow service." > my_movie_reviews/neg/2.txt
~$ echo "README please" > my_movie_reviews/README
# Move it to `nltk_data/corpora/`
~$ mv my_movie_reviews/ nltk_data/corpora/

在你的python代码中:

>>> import string
>>> from nltk.corpus import LazyCorpusLoader, CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader
>>> from nltk.corpus import stopwords
>>> my_movie_reviews = LazyCorpusLoader('my_movie_reviews', CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader, r'(?!\.).*\.txt', cat_pattern=r'(neg|pos)/.*', encoding='ascii')
>>> mr = my_movie_reviews
>>>
>>> stop = stopwords.words('english')
>>> documents = [([w for w in mr.words(i) if w.lower() not in stop and w.lower() not in string.punctuation], i.split('/')[0]) for i in mr.fileids()]
>>> for i in documents:
...     print i
... 
([u'Food', u'fit', u'****'], u'neg')
([u'Slow', u'service'], u'neg')
([u'great', u'restaurant'], u'pos')
([u'great', u'time', u'chez', u'jerome'], u'pos')

(有关详细信息,请参阅https://github.com/nltk/nltk/blob/develop/nltk/corpus/util.py#L21和https://github.com/nltk/nltk/blob/develop/nltk/ corpus/init .py#L144)

2.创建自己的 CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader

如果您无法访问nltk.data目录并且想要使用自己的语料库,请尝试以下操作:

# Let's say that your corpus is saved on `/home/alvas/my_movie_reviews/`

>>> import string; from nltk.corpus import stopwords
>>> from nltk.corpus import CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader
>>> mr = CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader('/home/alvas/my_movie_reviews', r'(?!\.).*\.txt', cat_pattern=r'(neg|pos)/.*', encoding='ascii')
>>> stop = stopwords.words('english')
>>> documents = [([w for w in mr.words(i) if w.lower() not in stop and w.lower() not in string.punctuation], i.split('/')[0]) for i in mr.fileids()]
>>> 
>>> for doc in documents:
...     print doc
... 
([u'Food', u'fit', u'****'], 'neg')
([u'Slow', u'service'], 'neg')
([u'great', u'restaurant'], 'pos')
([u'great', u'time', u'chez', u'jerome'], 'pos')

类似的问题已经被问过创造NLTK和Python自定义分类语料库和用自己的语料库在Python NLTK类别分类

这是完整的代码:

import string
from itertools import chain

from nltk.corpus import stopwords
from nltk.probability import FreqDist
from nltk.classify import NaiveBayesClassifier as nbc
from nltk.corpus import CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader
import nltk

mydir = '/home/alvas/my_movie_reviews'

mr = CategorizedPlaintextCorpusReader(mydir, r'(?!\.).*\.txt', cat_pattern=r'(neg|pos)/.*', encoding='ascii')
stop = stopwords.words('english')
documents = [([w for w in mr.words(i) if w.lower() not in stop and w.lower() not in string.punctuation], i.split('/')[0]) for i in mr.fileids()]

word_features = FreqDist(chain(*[i for i,j in documents]))
word_features = word_features.keys()[:100]

numtrain = int(len(documents) * 90 / 100)
train_set = [({i:(i in tokens) for i in word_features}, tag) for tokens,tag in documents[:numtrain]]
test_set = [({i:(i in tokens) for i in word_features}, tag) for tokens,tag  in documents[numtrain:]]

classifier = nbc.train(train_set)
print nltk.classify.accuracy(classifier, test_set)
classifier.show_most_informative_features(5)