如何在ActiveRecord中跳过INSERT ONLY语句中的事务？

Question

看看这个例子:

2.1.3 :001 > Stat.create!
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (0.3ms)  INSERT INTO `stats` (`created_at`, `updated_at`) VALUES ('2015-03-16 11:20:08', '2015-03-16 11:20:08')
   (0.4ms)  COMMIT
 => #<Stat id: 1, uid: nil, country: nil, city: nil, created_at: "2015-03-16 11:20:08", updated_at: "2015-03-16 11:20:08">

正如您所见,该create!方法在无用事务中执行insert语句.如何在这种情况下禁用转换(不在整个应用程序中禁用它们)？

Answer 1

这个怎么运作:

持久性模块定义create:https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb#L46

def create!(attributes = nil, &block)
  if attributes.is_a?(Array)
    attributes.collect { |attr| create!(attr, &block) }
  else
    object = new(attributes, &block)
    object.save!
    object
  end
end

它创建一个对象和调用 #save!

它没有记录在公共API中,而是调用https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb#L290

def save!(*) #:nodoc:
  with_transaction_returning_status { super }
end

此时事务再次保存(超级),它再次位于Persistence模块:https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb#L141

def save!(*)
  create_or_update || raise(RecordNotSaved.new(nil, self))
end

让我们用一些新方法破解它:

module ActiveRecord
  module Persistence
    module ClassMethods

      def atomic_create!(attributes = nil, &block)
        if attributes.is_a?(Array)
          raise "An array of records can't be atomic"
        else
          object = new(attributes, &block)
          object.atomic_save!
          object
        end
      end

    end

    alias_method :atomic_save!, :save!
  end
end

module ActiveRecord
  module Transactions

    def atomic_save!(*)
      super
    end

  end
end

也许你想使用标准create!方法,然后你需要重新定义它.我定义了第一个可选参数:atomic,当它出现时意味着您要使用该atomic_save!方法.

module ActiveRecord
  module Persistence
    module ClassMethods

      def create_with_atomic!(first = nil, second = nil, &block)
        attributes, atomic = second == nil ? [first, second] : [second, first]
        if attributes.is_a?(Array)
          create_without_atomic!(attributes, &block)
        else
          object = new(attributes, &block)
          atomic == :atomic ? object.atomic_save! : object.save!
          object
        end
      end
      alias_method_chain :create!, :atomic

    end
  end
end

有了它,config/initializers/<any_name>.rb它可以工作.

它如何在控制台上运行:

~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.atomic_create!(name: 'atomic_create')
  SQL (99.4ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:07.558473"], ["name", "atomic_create"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:07.558473"]]
=> #<Product:0x000000083b1340> {
            :id => 1,
          :name => "atomic_create",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:07 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:07 UTC +00:00
}
~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.create!(name: 'create with commit')
  (0.1ms)  begin transaction
  SQL (0.1ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:20.790566"], ["name", "create with commit"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:20.790566"]]
  (109.3ms)  commit transaction
=> #<Product:0x000000082f3138> {
            :id => 2,
          :name => "create with commit",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:20 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:20 UTC +00:00
}
~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.create!(:atomic, name: 'create! atomic')
  SQL (137.3ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:51:03.001423"], ["name", "create! atomic"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:51:03.001423"]]
=> #<Product:0x000000082a0bb8> {
            :id => 3,
          :name => "create! atomic",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:51:03 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:51:03 UTC +00:00
}

警告:你将失去after_rollback和after_commit回调!

注意:4.1上的方法创建!并保存!在模块验证中.在Rails 4.2上有Persistence.

编辑:也许您认为您可以获得交易已用时间.在我的例子中,提交时间转到插入(我有一个标准的HD,我认为你有一个SSD).

Answer 2

这里的问题是您想要修改类级别方法的行为。这本质上不是线程安全的，至少对于其他 Stat 对象的并发事务来说是这样。一个简单的解决方法是将实例标记为不需要事务：

class Stat < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessor :skip_transaction

  def with_transaction_returning_status
    if skip_transaction
      yield
    else
      super
    end
  end
end

Stat.create! skip_transaction: true

如果您在单线程框架上运行，因此不关心在此期间暂停 Stat 对象的事务，则可以使用类级别方法并像这样包装调用：

class Stat < ActiveRecord::Base
  def self.transaction(*args)
    if @skip_transaction
      yield
    else
      super
    end
  end

  def self.skip_transaction
    begin
      @skip_transaction = true
      yield
    ensure
      @skip_transaction = nil
    end
  end
end

Stat.skip_transaction { Stat.create! }