在ADO.NET中获取输出参数值

Question

我的存储过程有一个输出参数:

@ID INT OUT

如何使用ado.net检索此内容？

using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(...))
{
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("sproc", conn);
    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

    // add parameters

    conn.Open();

    // *** read output parameter here, how?
    conn.Close();
}

Answer 1

其他反应表明这一点,但实际上你只需要创建一个SqlParameter,设置Direction来Output,并把它添加到SqlCommand的Parameters集合.然后执行存储过程并获取参数的值.

使用您的代码示例:

// SqlConnection and SqlCommand are IDisposable, so stack a couple using()'s
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("sproc", conn))
{
   // Create parameter with Direction as Output (and correct name and type)
   SqlParameter outputIdParam = new SqlParameter("@ID", SqlDbType.Int)
   { 
      Direction = ParameterDirection.Output 
   };

   cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
   cmd.Parameters.Add(outputIdParam);

   conn.Open();
   cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

   // Some various ways to grab the output depending on how you would like to
   // handle a null value returned from the query (shown in comment for each).

   // Note: You can use either the SqlParameter variable declared
   // above or access it through the Parameters collection by name:
   //   outputIdParam.Value == cmd.Parameters["@ID"].Value

   // Throws FormatException
   int idFromString = int.Parse(outputIdParam.Value.ToString());

   // Throws InvalidCastException
   int idFromCast = (int)outputIdParam.Value; 

   // idAsNullableInt remains null
   int? idAsNullableInt = outputIdParam.Value as int?; 

   // idOrDefaultValue is 0 (or any other value specified to the ?? operator)
   int idOrDefaultValue = outputIdParam.Value as int? ?? default(int); 

   conn.Close();
}

在获取时要小心Parameters[].Value,因为需要将类型转换为object您声明的类型.而SqlDbType当您创建使用SqlParameter需求来匹配数据库类型.如果您只是将其输出到控制台,您可能只是在使用Parameters["@Param"].Value.ToString()(通过Console.Write()或String.Format()调用显式或隐式).

编辑:超过3.5年和几乎20k的观点,并没有人提到它甚至没有编译,原因是我在原帖中的"小心"评论中指定的原因.尼斯.根据@Walter Stabosz和@Stephen Kennedy的好评来修复它,并匹配来自@abatishchev的问题中的更新代码编辑.

Answer 2

对于任何希望使用带有存储过程的阅读器执行类似操作的人,请注意必须关闭阅读器才能检索输出值.

using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection())
{
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("sproc", conn);
    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

    // add parameters
    SqlParameter outputParam = cmd.Parameters.Add("@ID", SqlDbType.Int);
    outputParam.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;

    conn.Open();

    using(IDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
    {
        while(reader.Read())
        {
            //read in data
        }
    }
    // reader is closed/disposed after exiting the using statement
    int id = outputParam.Value;
}

Answer 3

不是我的代码,而是我认为的一个好例子

来源:http://www.eggheadcafe.com/PrintSearchContent.asp？LINKID = 624

using System; 
using System.Data; 
using System.Data.SqlClient; 


class OutputParams 
{ 
    [STAThread] 
    static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 

    using( SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection("server=(local);Database=Northwind;user id=sa;password=;")) 
    { 
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("CustOrderOne", cn); 
        cmd.CommandType=CommandType.StoredProcedure ; 

        SqlParameter parm= new SqlParameter("@CustomerID",SqlDbType.NChar) ; 
        parm.Value="ALFKI"; 
        parm.Direction =ParameterDirection.Input ; 
        cmd.Parameters.Add(parm); 

        SqlParameter parm2= new SqlParameter("@ProductName",SqlDbType.VarChar); 
        parm2.Size=50; 
        parm2.Direction=ParameterDirection.Output; 
        cmd.Parameters.Add(parm2); 

        SqlParameter parm3=new SqlParameter("@Quantity",SqlDbType.Int); 
        parm3.Direction=ParameterDirection.Output; 
        cmd.Parameters.Add(parm3);

        cn.Open(); 
        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 
        cn.Close(); 

        Console.WriteLine(cmd.Parameters["@ProductName"].Value); 
        Console.WriteLine(cmd.Parameters["@Quantity"].Value.ToString());
        Console.ReadLine(); 
    } 
} 

Answer 4

public static class SqlParameterExtensions
{
    public static T GetValueOrDefault<T>(this SqlParameter sqlParameter)
    {
        if (sqlParameter.Value == DBNull.Value 
            || sqlParameter.Value == null)
        {
            if (typeof(T).IsValueType)
                return (T)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(T));

            return (default(T));
        }

        return (T)sqlParameter.Value;
    }
}


// Usage
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("storedProcedure", conn))
{
   SqlParameter outputIdParam = new SqlParameter("@ID", SqlDbType.Int)
   { 
      Direction = ParameterDirection.Output 
   };

   cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
   cmd.Parameters.Add(outputIdParam);

   conn.Open();
   cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

   int result = outputIdParam.GetValueOrDefault<int>();
}

Answer 5

string ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DBCS"].ConnectionString;
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString))
{
//Create the SqlCommand object
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(“spAddEmployee”, con);

//Specify that the SqlCommand is a stored procedure
cmd.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure;

//Add the input parameters to the command object
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(“@Name”, txtEmployeeName.Text);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(“@Gender”, ddlGender.SelectedValue);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(“@Salary”, txtSalary.Text);

//Add the output parameter to the command object
SqlParameter outPutParameter = new SqlParameter();
outPutParameter.ParameterName = “@EmployeeId”;
outPutParameter.SqlDbType = System.Data.SqlDbType.Int;
outPutParameter.Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output;
cmd.Parameters.Add(outPutParameter);

//Open the connection and execute the query
con.Open();
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

//Retrieve the value of the output parameter
string EmployeeId = outPutParameter.Value.ToString();
}

字体http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/748619/ADO-NET-How-to-call-a-stored-procedure-with-output