SQL错误:1064,SQLState:创建新实体时为42000

Question

我正在使用Spring mvc Web应用程序,我需要使用Hibernate创建一个城镇.以下是我的城镇模型.

@Entity
@Table(name="town")
public class TownModel {

    @Id
    @Column(name="townid")
    @GeneratedValue 
    private Integer townId;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String townName;

    @Column(name="desc")
    private String townDesc;

    @ManyToOne(optional = true)
    @JoinColumn(name="districtid")
    private DistrictModel districtModel;
}

我有另一个名为district的实体.城镇是区的一部分,一个区可以有多个城镇.以下是我的区域模型:

@Entity
@Table(name="district")
public class DistrictModel {

    @Id
    @Column(name="districtid")
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer districtId;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String name;

    @Column(name="desc")
    private String description;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "districtModel", fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @Fetch(value = FetchMode.SUBSELECT)
    private List<TownModel> townModelList;
}

我正在使用以下Hibernate代码来保存城镇:

Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
session.save(townModel);

但它显示错误:

21:22:08,104 WARN  [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper] (http--127.0.0.1-9090-1) SQL Error: 1064, SQLState: 42000
21:22:08,112 ERROR [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper] (http--127.0.0.1-9090-1) You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'desc, name) values (2, 'Test town desc.', 'Test town')' at line 1

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'desc, name) values (2, 'Test town desc.', 'Test town')' at line 1
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) ~[na:1.7.0_45]
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[na:1.7.0_45]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) ~[na:1.7.0_45]
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526) ~[na:1.7.0_45]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:377) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:360) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:978) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3887) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3823) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2435) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2582) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2530) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1907) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2141) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2077) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2062) ~[com.mysql.jdbc_5.1.5.jar:na]
    at org.jboss.jca.adapters.jdbc.WrappedPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(WrappedPreparedStatement.java:493) ~[na:na]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:186) ~[hibernate-core-4.2.16.Final.jar:4.2.16.Final]
    ... 64 common frames omitted

Answer 1

错误消息指出:

您的SQL语法有错误; 查看与您的MySQL服务器版本对应的手册,以便在第1行的'desc,name)值(2,'Test town desc.','Test town')附近使用正确的语法

问题在于生成的查询,desc因为它是MySQL中的保留字.

可能的解决方案:

1. 将列的名称更改为description.做类似的name.
2. 更改MySQL中的配置以支持查询中列的这些类型的名称.

3. 更改字段中列的名称以附加`字符(从带有JPA的保留字名创建字段引用):

   @Column(name="`desc`")
   

IMO虽然选项3是一个快速而肮脏的解决方案,但我发现选项1是未来数据库使用的最佳解决方案.

Answer 2

您也可以使用方括号或双引号来转义列名。

@Column(name="[desc]")
private String townDesc;

要么

@Column(name="\"desc\"")
private String townDesc;