Base64:java.lang.IllegalArgumentException:非法字符

Question

我正在尝试在用户注册后发送确认电子邮件.我正在使用JavaMail库和Java 8 Base64 util类.

我正在以下列方式编码用户电子邮件:

byte[] encodedEmail = Base64.getUrlEncoder().encode(user.getEmail().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
InternetHeaders headers = new InternetHeaders();
headers.addHeader("Content-type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
String confirmLink = "Complete your registration by clicking on following"+ "\n<a href='" + confirmationURL + encodedEmail + "'>link</a>";
MimeBodyPart link = new MimeBodyPart(headers,
confirmLink.getBytes("UTF-8"));
multipart.addBodyPart(link);

在哪里confirmationURL:

private final static String confirmationURL = "http://localhost:8080/project/controller?command=confirmRegistration&ID=";

然后以这种方式在ConfirmRegistrationCommand中对此进行解码:

    String encryptedEmail = request.getParameter("ID");

    String decodedEmail = new String(Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(encryptedEmail), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

    RepositoryFactory repositoryFactory = RepositoryFactory
            .getFactoryByName(FactoryType.MYSQL_REPOSITORY_FACTORY);
    UserRepository userRepository = repositoryFactory.getUserRepository();
    User user = userRepository.find(decodedEmail);

    if (user.getEmail().equals(decodedEmail)) {
        user.setActiveStatus(true);
        return Path.WELCOME_PAGE;
    } else {
        return Path.ERROR_PAGE;
    }

当我试图解码时:

http://localhost:8080/project/controller?command=confirmRegistration&ID=[B@6499375d

我到了java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Illegal base64 character 5b.

我尝试使用基本的编码/解码器(不是URL编码器)但没有成功.

解决了:

问题是下一个 - 在线:

 String confirmLink = "Complete your registration by clicking on following"+ "\n<a href='" + confirmationURL + encodedEmail + "'>link</a>";

我在一个字节数组上调用toString,所以我应该做以下事情:

String encodedEmail = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(
                user.getEmail().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));

感谢Jon Skeet和ByteHamster.

Answer 1

您的编码文本是[B@6499375d.那不是Base64,编码时出了点问题.解码代码看起来不错.

在将byte []添加到URL之前,使用此代码将byte []转换为String:

String encodedEmailString = new String(encodedEmail, "UTF-8");
// ...
String confirmLink = "Complete your registration by clicking on following"
    + "\n<a href='" + confirmationURL + encodedEmailString + "'>link</a>";

Answer 2

自从我的编码图像开始以来,我遇到了这个错误data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0....

这个答案让我得到了解决方案:

String partSeparator = ",";
if (data.contains(partSeparator) {
  String encodedImg = data.split(partSeparator)[1];
  byte[] decodedImg = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedImg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
  Path destinationFile = Paths.get("/path/to/imageDir", "myImage.jpg");
  Files.write(destinationFile, decodedImg);
}

Answer 3

只需使用下面的代码来解决这个问题：

JsonObject obj = Json.createReader(new ByteArrayInputStream(Base64.getDecoder().decode(accessToken.split("\\.")[1].
                        replace('-', '+').replace('_', '/')))).readObject();

在上面的代码中replace('-', '+').replace('_', '/')完成了这项工作。有关更多详细信息，请参阅https://jwt.io/js/jwt.js。我从该链接获得的代码部分理解了问题：

function url_base64_decode(str) {
  var output = str.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/');
  switch (output.length % 4) {
    case 0:
      break;
    case 2:
      output += '==';
      break;
    case 3:
      output += '=';
      break;
    default:
      throw 'Illegal base64url string!';
  }
  var result = window.atob(output); //polifyll https://github.com/davidchambers/Base64.js
  try{
    return decodeURIComponent(escape(result));
  } catch (err) {
    return result;
  }
}