如何使Maven与Python子进程一起使用？

Question

我正在尝试编写Python脚本来自动执行一些Maven命令。

以下Python代码不起作用：

import subprocess
args = ['mvn', '-version']
process = subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

导致以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module>
    process = subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 679, in __init__
    errread, errwrite)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1249, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory

下一步，我为子进程提供mvn二进制文件的完整路径：

import subprocess
args = ['/usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.2.3/libexec/bin/mvn', '-version']
process = subprocess.Popen(args, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
out, err = process.communicate()

该命令进行了进一步处理，但是打印err显示出以下抱怨：

Error: JAVA_HOME is not defined correctly.
  We cannot execute /usr/libexec/java_home/bin/java

作为健全性检查，我在自己的终端上验证JAVA_HOME设置是否正确：

$ mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.2.3 (33f8c3e1027c3ddde99d3cdebad2656a31e8fdf4; 2014-08-11T16:58:10-04:00)
Maven home: /usr/local/Cellar/maven/3.2.3/libexec
Java version: 1.8.0_25, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_25.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.9.5", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

我也可以mvn在终端上轻松运行。

我的问题是：为什么子进程无法运行mvn，我该如何运行呢？

Answer 1

使用

process = subprocess.Popen(args,shell=True)