Python JSON到CSV-编码错误,UnicodeDecodeError:“ charmap”编解码器无法解码字节

Vic*_*mer 5 python csv unicode json cyrillic

我在将嵌套的JSON转换为CSV时遇到问题。为此,我使用https://github.com/vinay20045/json-to-csv(有点支持python 3.4),这是完整的json-to-csv.py文件。如果我设置,转换工作正常

    #Base Condition
else:
    reduced_item[str(key)] = (str(value)).encode('utf8','ignore')
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

fp = open(json_file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8')
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

但是当我将csv导入MS Excel时,我看到了西里尔字母错误的字符,例如\ xe0 \ xf1,英文文本就可以了。尝试设置encode('cp1251','ignore'),但随后出现错误UnicodeDecodeError:'charmap'编解码器无法解码位置Y的字节X:字符映射到(如此处UnicodeDecodeError:'charmap'编解码器无法解码位置Y的字节X:字符映射到<undefined>

import sys
import json
import csv

##
# This function converts an item like 
# {
#   "item_1":"value_11",
#   "item_2":"value_12",
#   "item_3":"value_13",
#   "item_4":["sub_value_14", "sub_value_15"],
#   "item_5":{
#       "sub_item_1":"sub_item_value_11",
#       "sub_item_2":["sub_item_value_12", "sub_item_value_13"]
#   }
# }
# To
# {
#   "node_item_1":"value_11",
#   "node_item_2":"value_12",
#   "node_item_3":"value_13",
#   "node_item_4_0":"sub_value_14", 
#   "node_item_4_1":"sub_value_15",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_1":"sub_item_value_11",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_2_0":"sub_item_value_12",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_2_0":"sub_item_value_13"
# }
##
def reduce_item(key, value):
    global reduced_item

    #Reduction Condition 1
    if type(value) is list:
        i=0
        for sub_item in value:
            reduce_item(key+'_'+str(i), sub_item)
            i=i+1

    #Reduction Condition 2
    elif type(value) is dict:
        sub_keys = value.keys()
        for sub_key in sub_keys:
            reduce_item(key+'_'+str(sub_key), value[sub_key])

    #Base Condition
    else:
        reduced_item[str(key)] = (str(value)).encode('cp1251','ignore')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
        print("\nUsage: python json_to_csv.py <node_name> <json_in_file_path> <csv_out_file_path>\n")
    else:
        #Reading arguments
        node = sys.argv[1]
        json_file_path = sys.argv[2]
        csv_file_path = sys.argv[3]

        fp = open(json_file_path, 'r', encoding='cp1251')
        json_value = fp.read()
        raw_data = json.loads(json_value)

        processed_data = []
        header = []
        for item in raw_data[node]:
            reduced_item = {}
            reduce_item(node, item)

            header += reduced_item.keys()

            processed_data.append(reduced_item)

        header = list(set(header))
        header.sort()

        with open(csv_file_path, 'wt+') as f:#wb+ for python 2.7
            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, header, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
            writer.writeheader()
            for row in processed_data:
                writer.writerow(row)

        print("Just completed writing csv file with %d columns" % len(header))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

如何正确转换西里尔字母,我也想跳过不良字符?

IBr*_*IBr 8

您需要知道要打开哪个文件的 cyrylic 编码。例如,这在 python3 中就足够了:

with open(args.input_file, 'r', encoding="cp866") as input_file:
        data = input_file.read()
        structure = json.loads(data)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

在python3中数据变量自动为utf-8。在 python2 中,向 json 提供输入可能会出现问题。

还尝试在 python 解释器行中打印出来,看看符号是否正确。没有输入文件很难判断一切是否正确。另外你确定它是python,而不是excel相关的问题吗?您是否尝试在记事本++或类似的编辑器编码中打开?

使用编码最重要的事情是检查输入和输出是否正确。我建议看这里。

  • 澄清一下,这是我的错:为了从 github 编码,我在两个方面添加了自己的编码设置,这是错误的。所以答案是将 encoding="utf8" 添加到 with open(args.input_file, 'r', encoding="cp866") as input_file: 之后该文件在 Excel 中正确打开。并从 (str(value)).encode('cp1251','ignore') 和 fp = open(json_file_path, 'r', encoding='cp1251') 中删除编码声明 (2认同)

小智 8

也许您可以使用 chardet 来检测文件的编码。

import chardet

File='arq.GeoJson'
enc=chardet.detect(open(File,'rb').read())['encoding']
with open(File,'r', encoding = enc) as f:
    data=json.load(f)
    f.close()
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

这避免了“踢”编码。