测试jpa实体类 - 错误需要事务

Question

基于原型我创建了一个java ee应用程序.有一个包括arquillian测试运行正常.它只是在@Stateless bean上调用一个持久化实体的方法.

现在我添加了一些实体与一些关系,我为他们写了一个测试.但在坚持任何实体我得到

Transaction is required to perform this operation (either use a transaction or extended persistence context)

我想我需要用@Transactional标记testmethod,但似乎不是在类路径中.在注入的EntityManager上手动调用事务会产生另一个错误.那么如何正确设置这样的测试和依赖.

编辑 Grzesiek D.建议这里有一些细节.这是实体(与其他人联系):

@Entity
public class Booking implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    /**
     * internal id.
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "id", updatable = false, nullable = false)
    private Long id;
    /**
     * Used for optimistic locking.
     */
    @Version
    @Column(name = "version")
    private int version;

    /**
     * A booking must have a project related.
     */
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "project_id")
    @NotNull
    private Project project;

    /**
     * A booking must have an owner.
     */
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "user_id")
    @NotNull
    private User owner;

    /**
     * A booking always has a start time.
     */
    @Column
    @NotNull
    private Timestamp start;

    /**
     * A booking always has an end time.
     */
    @Column
    @NotNull
    private Timestamp end;

    /**
     * 
     * @return true if start is befor end. false otherwise (if equal or after end).
     */
    @AssertTrue(message = "Start must before end.")
    public final boolean isStartBeforeEnd() {
        return start.compareTo(end) < 0;
    }

    /**
     * @return the id
     */
    public final Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    /**
     * @param id
     *            the id to set
     */
    public final void setId(final Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    /**
     * @return the version
     */
    public final int getVersion() {
        return version;
    }

    /**
     * @param version
     *            the version to set
     */
    public final void setVersion(final int version) {
        this.version = version;
    }

    /**
     * @return the project
     */
    public final Project getProject() {
        return project;
    }

    /**
     * @param project
     *            the project to set
     */
    public final void setProject(final Project project) {
        this.project = project;
    }

    /**
     * @return the owner
     */
    public final User getOwner() {
        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @param owner
     *            the owner to set
     */
    public final void setOwner(final User owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
    }

    /**
     * @return the start
     */
    public final Timestamp getStart() {
        return start;
    }

    /**
     * @param start
     *            the start to set
     */
    public final void setStart(final Timestamp start) {
        this.start = start;
    }

    /**
     * @return the end
     */
    public final Timestamp getEnd() {
        return end;
    }

    /**
     * @param end
     *            the end to set
     */
    public final void setEnd(final Timestamp end) {
        this.end = end;
    }

    //hashCode, equals, toString omitted here
}

这是测试:

@RunWith(Arquillian.class)
public class BookingTest {

    @Deployment
    public static Archive<?> createDeployment() {
        return ArquillianContainer.addClasses(Resources.class, Booking.class, Project.class, User.class);
    }

    @Inject
    private EntityManager em;

    @Test
    public void createBooking() {
        Booking booking = new Booking();
        booking.setStart(new Timestamp(0));
        booking.setEnd(new Timestamp(2));
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("Klaus");
        booking.setOwner(user);
        Project project = new Project();
        project.setName("theOne");
        project.setDescription("blub");
        booking.setProject(project);
        em.persist(booking);
        System.out.println("here");
    }

}

这里有例外:

javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: JBAS011469: Transaction is required to perform this operation (either use a transaction or extended persistence context)

我知道如果我创建一个@Stateless bean并在那里封装持久化,但我想要实体验证的直接测试,我需要一个游乐场来改进数据模型.

Answer 1

In order to have transaction support in Arquillian tests you will need to bring in extension which enables this feature. In your case jta dependency should do the job.

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian.extension</groupId>
  <artifactId>arquillian-transaction-jta</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

In addition, if you are using JBoss, you will need to provide its JNDI for UserTranscation, so put following section in your arquillian.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<arquillian xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian
    http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian/arquillian_1_0.xsd">     

  <extension qualifier="transaction">
    <property name="manager">java:jboss/UserTransaction</property>
  </extension>

</arquillian>

This way you can use @Transactional which comes from this extension's API.